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morphine

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Title: PowerPoint Presentation Author: Loyd Bastin Last modified by: Loyd Bastin Created Date: 9/3/2005 6:03:04 PM Document presentation format: On-screen Show (4:3) – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: morphine


1
morphine
codeine
heroin
2
Ibuprofen
R form non-active side effects
S form active anti-inflammatory
3
R.B. Woodward (1917-1979)
  • 1st modern synthetic organic chemist
  • Probably greatest organic chemist
  • 1965 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
  • outstanding achievements in the art of organic
    synthesis
  • Also made VERY important observations in the
    development of the Woodward-Hoffman rules of ring
    closure
  • 1st step in the application of quantum mechanics
    to organic molecules
  • 1981 Nobel Prize in Chemistry (Roald Hoffmann)

4
R.B. Woodward (Early Career)
5
R.B. Woodward (Later Career)
6
R.B. Woodward
7
K.C. Nicolaou
  • Penn (1977-1989)
  • Scripps Research Institute and UC-San Diego
    (1989-present)
  • Modern day R.B. Woodward

8
K.C. Nicolaou Taxol
  • Isolated in 1967 from bark of Pacific yew tree
  • Lung, ovarian, breast, head and neck cancer

11 stereocenters gt 211 2048 stereoisomers 2
rings 1 bicyclic ring
9
K.C. Nicolaou Brevotoxin B
  • Neurotoxin that binds to voltage-gated sodium
    channels in nerve cells
  • Naturally found in Karenia brevis which are
    marine organisms typically found in fish

23 stereocenters gt 223 8,400,000
stereoisomers 11 trans-fused rings 83 steps, 12
years 91 yield for each step but 0.043 total
yield
10
K.C. Nicolaou Maitotoxin
  • Neurotoxin that binds to calcium channels
  • Naturally produced by Gambierdiscus toxicus which
    are marine organisms typically found in fish

94 stereocenters gt 294 1.98 x 1028
stereoisomers 31 trans-fused rings
11
Atomic Orbitals
n l ml Orbital Name
1 0 0 1s
2 0 0 2s
2 1 -1 2p
2 1 0 2p
2 1 1 2p
3 0 0 3s
3 1 -1 3p
3 1 0 3p
3 1 1 3p
3 2 -2 3d
3 2 -1 3d
3 2 0 3d
3 2 1 3d
3 2 2 3d
n l Orbital Name
1 0 1s
2 0 2s
2 1 2p
3 0 3s
3 1 3p
3 2 3d
12
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13
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14
Linus Pauling (1901-1994)
  • Probably greatest chemist of the 20th century
  • Only person too win 2 unshared Nobel Prizes and
    only person to win 2 unrelated Nobel Prizes
  • 1954 Chemistry
  • 1962 - Peace
  • The Nature of the Chemical Bond
  • Protein Structure
  • Antibody Structure and Process
  • Molecular cause of Sickle-cell anemia
  • Electronegativity
  • Resonance
  • Vitamin C and the Common Cold

15
The Periodic Table and Electronegativity
16
Common Bonding Situations
Hydrogen
1 bond
Carbon
4 bonds (neutral and 8 electrons)
Reactive Carbon Species
17
Nitrogen
3 bonds and one unshared pair of electrons
Other relatively stable species
18
Oxygen
2 bonds and 2 unshared electron pairs
Other relatively stable species
hydronium ion
19
Halogens
1 bond and 3 unshared electron pairs
also 4 unshared pairs and negative charge
20
Table 2-6a, p. 51
21
Table 2-6b, p. 51
22
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