Properties of Water

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Properties of Water

• The most unusual usual liquid

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MOLECULAR STRUCTURE

• Two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen
• H2O

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Water is a Polar Molecule

• A molecule that has a slight electric charge
• Hydrogen has a positive charge
• Oxygen has a negative charge.
• The positive hydrogen ends attract the negative
  oxygen ends of another molecule.
• Molecules stick together.

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SURFACE TENSION

• Many of waters unusual properties are because
  water is a polar molecule.
• Surface Tension The tightness across the
  surface of water
• Causes a curved surface and round water drops
• Created by water molecules pulling against each
  other.

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CAPILLARY ACTION

• Capillary Action The ability of water to pass
  through materials with pores.
• Polarity of molecules cause water molecules to
  stick to the side of a material and pulls up
  other molecules.
• Why towels oak up water.

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THE UNIVERSAL SOLVENT

• Solvent Any substance that dissolves another
  substance
• Water is a good solvent because it is a polar
  molecule.
• Attract other polar molecules and pulls them
  apart.

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THE ONE AND ONLY

• Water is the only substance on earth that exists
  naturally as a liquid, solid, and a gas.
• Changing state changing the amount of energy in
  a substance.
• More energy more movement faster and more
  spread out.

WATER (LIQUID)
ICE (SOLID)
VAPOR (GAS)
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Why does ice float?

• When water freezes, the molecules attract in a
  matrix that takes up more space than the liquid
  form.
• This is very unusual. Most substances are more
  dense as a solid.

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VOCABULARY

• Melting When a solid changes into a liquid
• Freezing When a liquid changes into a solid.
• Evaporation When molecules at the surface of a
  liquid absorb enough energy from their
  surroundings to change into a gas.
• Condensation When a gas turns into a liquid.