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The Universe

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The Universe http://science.howstuffworks.com/big-bang-theory1.htm How do we know what happened billions of years ago? Scientific theories are usually formed when ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: The Universe


1
The Universe
The Universe
http//science.howstuffworks.com/big-bang-theory1.
htm
2
How do we know what happened billions of years
ago?
  • Scientific theories are usually formed when
    someone makes observations and then forms
    conclusions about what he/she sees.

3
Whats happening? (observe)
The kitchen is messy with spilled flour and
sugar, the oven is warm, candles are scattered
around the floor.
4
Form a conclusion
  • Someone is making a birthday cake

5
Detectives are Scientists
  • They make observations about
  • Evidence at the scene
  • Prints left behind
  • Motive or reasons
  • DNA collected

6
and form conclusions.
  • They may not have witnessed the crime, but they
    can make an educated guess about what happened.

7
Which direction did the blast from Mt. St.
Helens, WA come from?
8
Which way does the wind usually blow on Humphrey
Head Island, UK?
9
You werent there, but you can make an educated
guess based on your observations.
  • Which direction is the bullet moving?

To the right?
To the left?
10
Astronomers (people who study space) are
detectives
  • They study and observe the universe and then form
    conclusions about out how it probably formed.

11
So how did our universe form?
  • Using telescopes, spectroscopes, and other
    instruments, scientists have made the following
    observations.

12
Observations
Present day
Years ago
What is happening to our universe?
13
Galaxies are spreading farther and farther apart
If we work backwards, then 13.7 billion years
ago, all matter use to be all together
14
How do we know if stars are moving towards Earth
or away?
  • The Doppler effect
  • Chime demo
  • Sound waves move differently when they come
    towards you or move away from you.

http//www.youtube.com/watch?vimoxDcn2Sgo
Doppler effect siren http//www.youtube.com/watch?
va3RfULw7aAYfeaturerelated Doppler effect car
horn
15
Light waves from stars also show a difference
when they move.
  • Use a spectroscope
  • Red shift moving away from you
  • Blue shift moving towards you

16
http//www.youtube.com/watch?vFhfnqboacV0feature
related
17
What is the star doing?
Moving away from you.
Moving towards you.
18
Astronomers use these observations to conclude
that the whole universe must have been all
together at one point about 13.7 billion years
ago.
19
The Big Bang!- A well supported scientific
theory which explains the beginnings of our
universe
Bang!!!
20
13.7 billion years ago, all matter (stuff you can
touch) was together in a very small ball, then it
exploded. Parts of atoms floated around the
universe.
21
One billion years later, atoms formed and large
clouds of hydrogen (H) and helium (He) were
pulled together due to gravity and galaxies
formed.
22
3. H and He crashed into each other creating
light and heat (through nuclear reactions) and
stars formed.
23
4. Other heavier elements came together to form
planets and moons
24
Stars, planets, and moons continue to form now
throughout the universe.
25
So what will happen to our universe?
26
5. Most astronomers think the universe will
continue to expand indefinitely.
27
Think about the universe being like a
balloon-spots on the balloon get farther and
farther apart as it expands
28
OR
  • ???

29
5. The universe will stop expanding and gravity
will pull it back into a ball and then the big
bang will happen again.
30
http//teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video_id7392
9titleBig_Bang History Channel Big Bang
3min http//www.youtube.com/watch?vOdsWhHWdc1gf
eatureplayer_embedded21 The Big Bang
demonstrated by a college band
How big is the Universe? http//www.youtube.com/w
atch?v5NU2t5zlxQQfeatureplayer_embedded Big
Bang Theme Song http//www.youtube.com/watch?vlhT
SfOZUNLo
Neil deGrasse Tyson's Origins Back To The
Beginning (from 2004) which has the EM spectrum,
Big Bang, cosmic microwave background radiation,
origin of the elements, atomic spectra - a lot of
Big Picture kind of stuff with details of
Chemistry in there.  And is nicely done and has
Neil's flair.  
31
We are star stuff-Carl Sagan
32
(No Transcript)
33
Homework
  • Create a five panel strip that shows the five
    steps (1-5 on your notes) of the formation of our
    universe.
  • Each panel should be colored in and have a brief
    sentence about what happened.
  • You may chose either ending to give to panel five.
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