Joints

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Joints

• Chapter 8

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What is a joint?

• Defined as the site where two or more bones
  meet.
• Also called an articulation
• Joints allow our skeleton mobility and they hold
  our skeleton together

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Classification of Joints

• Functional classification
• Synarthroses
• Amphiarthroses
• Diarthroses

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Classification of Joints

• Structural classification
• Fibrous joints
• Cartilaginous joints
• Synovial joints

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FIBROUS JOINTS

• General Characteristics
• Bones are joined by fibrous tissue
• No joint cavity is present
• Most are immovable but some are slightly moveable

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TYPES OF FIBROUS JOINTS

• Sutures (synostoses)
• Syndesmoses
• Gomphoses

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FIBROUS JOINTS

• Sutures

Synostoses fused sutures
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FIBROUS JOINTS

• Syndesmoses

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FIBROUS JOINTS

• Gomphoses

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CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS

• General Characteristics
• Articulating surfaces are united by cartilage
• No joint cavity
• Can be synarthrotic or amphiarthrotic

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TYPES OFCARTILAGINOUS JOINTS

• Synchondroses
• Symphyses

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CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS
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SYNOVIAL JOINTS

• General Characteristics
• Articular bones are separated by a fluid-filled
  cavity
• Joints of limbs
• Diarthrotic

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SYNOVIAL JOINTS
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SYNOVIAL JOINTS
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Movements of synovial joints

• Axis of motion
• Nonaxial
• Uniaxial
• Biaxial
• Multiaxial

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GLIDING MOVEMENTS
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Angular Movements
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Angular Movements
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Angular Movements
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Special Movements
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Special Movements
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Special Movements
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Types of Synovial Joints
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Types of Synovial Joints
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Types of Synovial Joints
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Types of Synovial Joints
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Types of Synovial Joints
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Types of Synovial Joints
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Specific Joints Injuries

• Knee (Stifle)
• 3 Cscollateral ligaments, cruciate ligaments,
  cartilages (menisci)
• Shoulder (Glenohumeral)
• Rotator cufffour tendons encircle blend with
  articular capsule

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Specific Joints Injuries

• Hip (Coxal)
• Deep socket strong ligaments, very stable
• Temporomandibular (TMJ)
• Dislocation easyshallow socket

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Joint Disorders

• Sprains
• Dislocations
• Luxation
• Subluxation
• Bursitis
• Housemaids Knee
• Students elbow
• Tendonitis
• Arthritis
• Osteoarthritis
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Synovitis