Chapter 13 Section 1

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Chapter 13 Section 1
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Main Idea The Civil War took a huge physical
and human toll on the South.

• 1. War had destroyed 2/3 of Southern shipping
  and 9,000 miles of railroad
• 2. South lost 1/5 of its adult white men
• 3. Countless civilian death
• 4. Result in the South being left in ruins

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Main Idea Three major groups of people faced
hardships and fears.

• 1. Black southerners often found themselves
  homeless, jobless and hungry
• 2. Plantation owners lost slave labor, faced
  property seizure by the federal govt and often
  had to sell their property to cover debt
• 3. Poor white southerners often could not find
  work and many migrated to frontier land

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Main Idea Identify the 4 proposals in Lincolns
Ten Percent Plan for Reconstruction.

• 1. It offered a pardon, an official forgiveness
  of a crime, to any Confederate who would take an
  oath of allegiance to the Union and accept
  federal policy on slavery
• 2. It denied pardons to all Confederate military
  and government officials and to southerners who
  had killed African American war prisoners.
• 3. It permitted each state to hold a
  constitutional convention only after 10 percent
  of voters in the state had sworn allegiance to
  the Union
• 4. States could then hold elections and resume
  full participation in the Union.

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Main Idea Identify the 4 provisions in
Johnsons Presidential Reconstruction.

• 1. It pardoned southerners who swore allegiance
  to the Union.
• 2. It permitted each state to hold a
  constitutional convention (without Lincolns
  percent allegiance requirement)
• 3. States were required to void secession,
  abolish slavery, and ratify the Thirteenth
  Amendment
• 4. States could then hold elections and resume
  participation in the Union.

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Main Idea Newly freed slaves began rebuilding
their lives, and the government helped them.

• 1. African Americans in the South set up their
  own churches
• 2. African Americans pursued an education,
  especially to learn to read
• 3. Congress created Freedmens Bureau to provide
  food, medicine, and other relief to African
  Americans

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Reconstruction

• Define Reconstruction Federal govt effort
  between 1865 to 1877 to repair the damage to the
  South caused by the Civil War and to restore
  southern states to the Union.
• Relation Johnson devised a plan to repair the
  South and restore southern states to the Union
  that was more generous than Lincolns

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Pardon

• Define Pardon an official forgiveness of a crime
• Relation Johnson issued a score of these to
  southern officials and other confederates