Quiz review for Weathering

1
Quiz review for Weathering Sedimentary Rocks
2

• Where does sedimentary rock almost always form?

3

• UNDER WATER

4

• For any rock to become sedimentary rock, what
  process must happen to it first?

5

• It must be weathered into small pieces or a
  chemical solution

6

• What are clasts?

7

• Small bits and pieces of weathered rock

8

• What is Clastic sedimentary rock?

9

• Rock made of bits and pieces of other rocks

10

• A Clastic sedimentary rock composed mostly of
  sand is called ________.

11

• Sandstone

12

• What is weathering?

13

• The natural breakdown of rock

14

• What are the 3 types of weathering?

15

• Mechanical
• Biological
• Chemical

16

• How do we know mechanical weathering?

17

• Movement that is not caused by plants or animals

18

• How does abrasion? wear away rock?

19

• Water or wind rubs particles of sediment against
  the rocks to wear them down

20

• . Does air or water abrasion do more weathering?

21

• WATER

22

• . What is exfoliation?

23

• Rock peeling off in layers

24

• What causes exfoliation?

25

• Daily temperature changes

26

• . How does frost wedging work?

27

• Water freezes in cracks, expands, and forces the
  crack to enlarge

28

• How do landslides cause rock to weather?

29

• Falling rocks break when they hit the bottom

30

• What is unloading, and how does it affect rock?

31

• When the overlying rock weathers away its weight
  is unloaded from the lower rock allowing it to
  expand and crack.

32

• What is Chemical Weathering?

33

• Rock breaking down due to exposure to chemicals

34

• How does acid rain affect chemical weathering?

35

• It dissolves certain types of rocks

36

• What is a sinkhole?

37

• The top of a cave that has collapsed to the
  surface

38

• What types of rock tends to support sinkholes?

39

• Carbonates, which are
• Limestone
• Marble
• calcite

40

• What is a famous and beautiful example of
  chemical weathering?

41

• Luray Caverns
• Mammoth Cave

42

• . What can oxygen bring about in the rock?

43

• Rusting, which expands and weakens the rock

44

• What is Biological Weathering?

45

• Rock breakdown that is caused by plants or animals

46

• How do lichens start the weathering process in
  rocks?

47

• They produce an acid that etches the rock and
  makes it ready for mosses to grow there

48

• How does moss affect the weathering process?

49

• It holds rainwater that may be acidic, builds
  up soil for plants with strong roots

50

• What is Root Wedging?

51

• When plant roots grow into a crack in the rock
  and grow, causing the crack to enlarge

52

• What is tallus?

53

• A slow motion avalanch of small rocks down the
  side of a mountain. They slowly grind each other
  to bits

54

• What rock is the first rock in the Rock Cycle?

55

• Igneous Rocks were the first rocks on Earth

56

• Why is one characteristic not enough to identify
  a mineral or rock?

57

• Because many minerals share many of the same
  characteristics

58

• What is the main thing that tells you when
  weathering is chemical?

59

• Chemical reactions weaken or dissolve the rock

60

• A Clastic sedimentary rock composed mostly of
  clay is called ________.

61

• Claystone or shale

62

• A Clastic sedimentary rock composed mostly of
  silt is called ________.

63

• Shale

64

• A Clastic sedimentary rock composed mostly of
  sand and rounded pebbles is called ________.

65

• Conglomerate

66

• A Clastic sedimentary rock composed mostly of
  sand and small broken rocks is called ________.

67

• BRECCIA

68

• What makes a sedimentary rock Organic?

69

• Some part of it was once alive

70

• An organic sedimentary rock composed mostly of
  tiny shells is called ________.

71

• Coquina

72

• An organic sedimentary rock that is made from
  disolved shells an deposited chemically by
  precipitation is called ________.

73

• Limestone

74

• Rock that was precipitated by evaporating water
  and was never alive is called _________
  sedimentary rock.

75

• Chemical

76

• What are 2 examples of chemical sedimentary rock?

77

• Rock salt and Gypsum

78

• What is peat made of?

79

• Moss

80

• What is all coal made of?

81

• Moss
• Ferns
• Ancient conifers

82

• The first stage of coal that is a true rock is
  called _____________ or brown coal

83

• Lignite

84

• The second stage of coal that is a true
  sedimentary rock is called _________ Coal

85

• Bituminous

86

• Sometime after a thick layer of plants formed in
  the coal fields, what had to have happened to
  cause them to be covered with sedimentary rock?

87

• The area flooded

88

• Why must sedimentary rock always cover coal?

89

• It provides the pressure that causes the
  non-carbon molecules to be driven out of the
  plants

90

• Bituminous coal that becomes metamorphic is
  called ______________

91

• Anthricite coal or hard coal
• This is NOT sedimentary, it is metamorphic

92
weathering Mechanical Chemical Biological
Ice wedging
rockslide
Root wedging
Acid rain
Water abrasion
Wind abrasion
Unloading
Lichens
Exfoliation
Rusting


93
weathering Mechanical Chemical Biological
Ice wedging X
rockslide X
Root wedging X
Acid rain X
Water abrasion X
Wind abrasion X
Unloading X
Lichens X
Exfoliation X
Rusting X


94

• SOME STUDY IS HIGHLY RECOMMENDED BY THE MANAGEMENT

95
The End?

• A Coyle Production