Previewing

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Previewing

• Taking a sneak peek

• You can often define a familiar word by taking it
  apart and finding the little words it contains.
• PREVIEW means to look before from its prefix
  pre (before) and root word view (look)
• Make it a habit to review all affixesthe
  prefixes and suffixes

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Preview the Cover

• What clues about the story can you get from the
  title? Based on the title, what do you think will
  happen in the story?
• What clues about the story do you get from the
  front and back cover?
• --Is the book happy, sad, scary, or information
• Who wrote the book? Have I read other books by
  this author?
• Did any famous people comment about the book on
  the back cover? What do the comments tell you
  about the book?
• Inside the jacket flaps, if any, how is the story
  described?

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Preview the Title

• What does the title mean? Does it have more that
  one meaning?
• What reasons could the writer have for choosing
  this title?
• Based on the title, what do you predict will
  happen in the story?

4
Preview the Table of Contents and Subtitles

• Scan the table of contents
• If you are reading an article or chapter, flip
  the pages, read the subtitles, and ask questions
• What will this book teach me?
• What main topic does this book cover?
• How are the topics arranged?
• What will I read first, second, and so on.

5
Preview Any Pictures, Illustrations, Photographs,
Charts, or Maps

• When you look at the pictures, ask yourself the
  following questions?
• What different types of pictures, photos, and
  maps are included?
• What do each of these visuals show?
• What mood do they convey? (cheerful/mysterious)
• Why did the writer include these illustrations?
  What purpose do they serve?
• Based on the pictures, what do I think this
  reading will be about?

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Preview the Captions

• Most pictures, photographs, and other
  illustrations have captions.
• These sentences, usually placed under the
  pictures may describe what is shown in the
  pictures or add additional information
• Ask yourself
• What facts do I get from the captions?
• Based on the captions, what does this book
  describe?

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Making Predictions

• When you make predictions, you make educated
  guesses about whats to come.
• What I know Story Clues Predictions
• As you read, your brain is always trying to
  figure out what is coming next.
• You make predictions before you read and while
  you read. Once you find out what is coming next,
  you confirm or change your predictions.

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Making Predictions

• Ask yourself these questions when reading a story
  or novel
• Based on what I know and clues in the story,
  what do I think will happen next?
• How accurate were my predictions?
• What new predictions can I make using the facts
  I just read?

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Making Predictions

• Make a prediction about the following passage
• Leaders of the Pack

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Making Predictions

• Presidents?
• Dogs?
• Kings?
• As you read the passage, you would confirm your
  guess to see if you were on target.
• Stay one step ahead by making predictions!

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Making Predictions

• State you predictions in sentences like the
  following
• I predict that this book will describe_______
• I predict that the main character will_____
• I predict that I will learn that __________
• I predict that I will like this book because_

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Set a Purpose For Reading

• You read for different reasons.
• Your reason for reading is your purpose for
  reading
• After you preview and predict, its time to set a
  purpose for reading.

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Set a Purpose For Reading

• The main purposes for reading
• To confirm a belief
• To discover opinions
• To get facts
• To get instructions
• To have fun
• To learn new information
• To learn new vocabulary
• To review notes

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Your Purpose For Reading Shapes the Way You Read

• When you study
• you read slowly to understand the materials
• Slower pace helps you to get the facts and
  details that could be important
• You also take notes to record key words, dates,
  and facts
• You can also highlight key words, dates, details,
  or facts

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Your Purpose For Reading Shapes the Way You Read

• When you are reading to be entertained
• You read more quickly
• May even skim some of the descriptions because
  you want to see how the story turns out

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Setting a Purpose

• Saves time
• If you know why youre reading, you can go
  straight to the book or article that has the
  information you need.
• You wont waste time reading material you dont
  need at that time.

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Setting a Purpose

• Improves understanding
• You will get the most out of what you read.
• Knowing what you want to find out helps you
  concentrate on the information and remember it
  better, too!

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Skim The Text

• Skimming is a very fast method of reading that
  lets you glance at a passage to get its main idea
  or to find a key point
• Skim a passage to get a general idea about the
  passage
• Skimming makes reading easier because it helps
  you focus on the important parts of the text
• When you go back and read the text in detail, you
  can zero in on the parts you have to study-you
  wont spend time lost in detail

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Skim The Text

• Follow these steps as you skim a reading
• Preview the text (look at title, pictures, and
  captions)
• Make a prediction and set a purpose for reading
• Start skimming by running your eyes across the
  page-try and read as fast as you can.
• Focus on key words (nouns and verbs)

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Skim The Text

• Look for the facts you need-often in the first
  and last sentence (read these more slowly)
• Pause at the end of every passage to restate the
  meaning in your own words (in class say the words
  silently alone say the words aloud)
• Skimming isnt a substitute for complete
  reading! Skim before you read textnot instead
  of reading it!

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Finding the Main Idea

• Whats your point?
• A main idea is the most important point that a
  speaker or writer is making
• The main idea tells what the whole passage is
  about
• Every detail, or small piece of information in
  the passage give information to support or
  explain the main idea

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Finding the Main Idea

• When you find the main idea, you know the
  authors point
• This helps understand the whole passage more
  clearly
• Sometimes, the main idea will be directly stated
  in the passage
• Other times you will have to figure out the main
  idea from clues in the passage

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Finding the Main Idea

• The stated main idea in the paragraph is also
  called the topic sentence.
• To find the stated main idea in a paragraph
• Find the topic or subject of the paragraph
• Look for a sentence that tells about the topic.
  It will explain what the entire paragraph is
  about.
• Check to see if the sentence tells what the
  paragraph is about.

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Finding the Main Idea

• The stated main idea is often the first
  sentence, but it can be in the middle or end of a
  paragraph as well!

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SQ3R

• Reading strategy that helps you get the most our
  of your reading
• Works especially well with material you have to
  study (textbooks)
• Survey
• Question
• Read
• Recite
• Review

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SQ3R

• Survey
• Preview the text by reading the title, headings,
  illustrations, and captions.
• Make predictions about the contents
• Skim the passage to get the overall meaning

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SQ3R

• Question
• As you survey and skim, ask yourself questions
  about the material and what you find.
• Start by turning the title into a question
• As you read, look for the answer to the question

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SQ3R

• Read
• Read the passage and continue making and revision
  predictions
• Try to find the main idea by looking at the topic
  sentence and details in each paragraph

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SQ3R

• Recite
• After you finish reading, look back over the
  passage
• Focus on the title, headings, and topic sentences
• Summarize the material in your head, reducing
  what you read to a few sentences
• Then recite or say the summary out loud

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SQ3R

• Review
• Review by looking back at your predictions
• Were they on target?
• If so, find the details that you used to make
  them
• If not, figure out where and why you guessed
  incorrectly

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Jim Thorpe Jim Thorpe (1888-1953 was a member of
the 1912 US Olympic Track and Field Team. He
later played professional baseball and
football. In 1950, 400 American sportswriters
and broadcasters selected him Thorpe as the
greatest all-around athlete and football player
of the first half of the 20th century. A Sac and
Fox Indian, Thorpe was born in Oklahoma in 1888.
Although he was a very good high school athlete,
he stunned the entire world a the 1912 Olympic
Games in Stockholm when he won gold medals in
both the pentathlon and the decathlon. To date,
no other athlete has ever duplicated his amazing
achievement. A year later the International
Olympic Committee learned that Thorpe had
accepted money in 1911 to play baseball. The
International Olympic Committee took away
Thorpes amateur status, took back his gold
medals, and erased his achievements from the
record books. Many people feel that Thorpe had
been treated unfairly. In 1982, the
International Olympic Committee restored Thorpes
amateur status and returned his medals.
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SQ3R

• Survey
• Based on reading the title and heading, I
  predict that this paragraph will tell about the
  track, baseball, and football star Jim Thorpe.

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SQ3R

• Question
• Turn the title into questions
• Who is Jim Thorpe?
• Why is he important?

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SQ3R

• Read
• Ive read about half way.
• I now predict that Jim Thorpe will get his medals
  back because he deserves them

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SQ3R

• Recite
• Heres my summary
• Jim Thorpe was an amazing athlete who got
  cheated out of his medals because he played
  baseball for money. Olympic athletes have to be
  amateurs, so they cant accept money for playing.
  Jims medals were taken away because he broke
  the rules, but in 1982, his medals were returned
  to him.

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SQ3R

• Review
• I guessed correctly Jims medal were returned
  to him. I used details about his amazing
  athletic abilities to make my guess. Someone
  that good cant get cheated.

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SMRR

• SMRR combines powerful reading techniques to give
  you a study boost, just like SQ3R
• SMRR is especially good when youre studying a
  text, because you highlight important details.

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SMRR

• Skim
• Mark
• Read
• Reread

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SMRR

• Skim
• Preview the passage by scanning the title,
  heading, art, and captions
• Then read the passage as quickly as you can

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SMRR

• Mark
• Using a highlighter, pencil, or pen, mark the
  topic sentence and key details
• NEVER mark a text that doesnt belong to you!!

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SMRR

• Read
• Read the text slowly and carefully, checking
  that you correctly identified the main idea and
  important details.

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SMRR

• Reread
• Go back over the text, checking that you
  understood the main idea

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Using Context Clues

• When people say I cant read well, what they
  sometimes mean is that they get stuck on the hard
  words.
• Writers leave hints, called context clues, in
  their stories to help readers figure out the
  difficult words
• Three main types of context clues
• Definition Clues
• Contrast Clues
• Common Sense Clues

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Context Clues

• Definition Clues
• The writer includes the definition right in the
  passage.
• The definition is a synonym (word that means the
  same)
• It may come before or after an unfamiliar word

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Context Clues

• Tsunamis, or seismic sea-waves, are gravity
  waves set in motion by underwater disturbances
  associated with earthquakes.
• seismic sea-waves is a synonym for the
  unfamiliar word tsunamis

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Context Clues

• Contrast Clues
• The writer tells you what something isnt rather
  than what it is
• Contrast clues are often set off with unlike,
  not, or instead of

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Context Clues

• Then arrange a handful of mulch, not fresh
  leaves, on top.
• Mulch must be the opposite of fresh leaves.
• It must mean decayed leaves.

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Context Clues

• Common Sense Clues
• Use what you already know to define the word.
• One way is to break the unfamiliar word into
  smaller words.

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Context Clues

• Airplanes and balloons make daily ascents to
  gather data.
• Since airplanes and balloons go into the air,
  ascent must mean to rise.

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Context Clues

• Common Sense Clues
• Watch for idioms, phrases that dont have literal
  meaning.
• The idiom Its raining cats and dogs means its
  raining hard, not that cats and dogs are flying
  through the sky!

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Monitor Your Comprehension

• Strategy Checklist
• Read more slowly
• Reread any parts that confuse you
• Look back at the pictures, charts, illustrations,
  and photographs
• Use the details to visualize or imagine the scene
  youre reading

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Monitor Your Comprehension

• Strategy Checklist
• Restate what youve read in your own words
• Ask yourself, Whats the main idea? reread the
  story for details and clues
• Get some help! Use a dictionary to define
  unknown words. Ask teachers, parents, or friends
  to help you interpret a passage.

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STELLA