Unit 6: How Much Is Enough?

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International Express

• Unit 6 How Much Is Enough?

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Language focus

• Expressions of Quantity

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Content

• General Instruction
• A few / few / a little / little
• All / both
• One / Each / Every
• Using of

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General Instruction
EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTITY USED WITH COUNT NOUNS USED WITH NONCOUNT NOUNS An expression of quantity may precede a noun. Some expressions of quantity are used only with count nouns.
one each every One apple Each apple Every apple An expression of quantity may precede a noun. Some expressions of quantity are used only with count nouns.
two, etc. both a couple of a few several many a number of two apples both apples a couple of apples a few apples several apples many apples a number of apples An expression of quantity may precede a noun. Some expressions of quantity are used only with count nouns.
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a little much a great deal of a little rice much rice a great deal of rice Some are used only with noncount nouns.
no some/ any a lot of / lots of plenty of most all no apples some / any apples a lot of / lots of apples plenty of apples most apples all apples no rice some / any rice a lot of / lots of rice plenty of rice most rice all rice Some are used with both count and noncount nouns.
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A Few / Few A Little / Little

• A few and a little give a positive idea they
  indicate that something exists, is present.
• She has been here only two weeks, but she has
  already made a few friends.
• (Positive idea She has made some friends.)
• Im very pleased. Ive been able to save a little
  money this month.
• (Positive idea I have saved some money instead
  of spending all of it.)

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• Few and little (without a) give a negative idea
  they indicate that something is largely absent.
• Very ( few / little) makes the negative
  stronger, the number / amount smaller.

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• I feel sorry for her. She has (very) few
  friends.
• (Negative idea She does not have many friends
  she has almost no friends.)
• I have (very) little money. I dont even have
  enough money to buy food for dinner.
• (Negative idea I do not have much money I
  have almost no money.)

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Notice

• A few and few are used with plural count nouns.
• There are very few people speak more than ten
  languages.
• A little and little are used with noncount nouns.
• I think that a little lemon juice on fish makes
  it taste better.

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All Both

• All
• When a noun is specific (e.g., the students),
  using of after all is optional
• All (of) the students in my class are here.
• When a noun is nonspecific, of does not follow
  all
• All students must have an I.D. card.

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• Both
• Using of after both is optional when the noun is
  specific
• I know both (of) those men.
• When a noun is nonspecific, of does not follow
  both
• I know both men.

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Notice

• both and all word order with Verbs
• After be when it is the only verb in a sentence
• The girls are both ready.
• After auxiliary (can, etc.) or the first
  auxiliary when there is more than one
• The girls can both speak French.
• Before the main verb when there is only one verb
• The girls both left early.

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• Both and all word order with pronouns
• We are both ready
• ? Both of us are ready.
• I love you both.
• ? I love both of you.

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One / Each / Every

• One, each and every are followed immediately by
  singular count nouns
• One student was late to class.
• Each student has a schedule.
• Every student has a schedule.
• One of, each of, and every one of are followed by
  specific plural count nouns
• One of the students was late to class.
• Each (one) of the students has a schedule.
• Every (one) of the students has a schedule.

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Using of

• Expressions of quantity that always contain of
• A lot of a number of a majority of
• lots of a great deal of plenty of
• A lot of books are paperbacks.

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• Expressions of quantity that sometimes contain of
  and sometimes not
• All (of), most (of), almost all (of)
• Many (of), much (of), a few (of), a little (of)
• One (of), two (of), etc.
• Both (of), several (of)
• Some (of), any (of)
• ? Many of my books are paperbacks.

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Notice

• Of is used in this case when the noun is specific
• Many of my books are in English.
• Of is not used if the noun it modifies is
  nonspecific.
• Many books are in English.

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The End