MEMORY PERSPECTIVES:

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MEMORY PERSPECTIVES INTRODUCTION
Week 8 Practical
2
WEEK 8 PRACTICAL
MEMORY PERSPECTIVES
LECTURE 1
PRACTICAL
WEEK 1
NO LECTURE
NO PRACTICAL
WEEK 2
NONPARAMETRICS 1
1ST PRACTICAL
WEEK 3
NONPARAMETRICS 2
1ST ANALYSIS IN SPSS
WEEK 4
1ST ANALYSIS BY HAND
SAMPLING DISTRIBUTIONS
WEEK 5
2ND PRACTICAL
WEEK 6
2ND ANALYSIS IN SPSS
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
WEEK 7
RELATED T-TEST
2ND ANALYSIS BY HAND
WEEK 8
3RD PRACTICAL
INDEPENDENT T-TEST
INDEPENDENT ANOVA
WEEK 9
3RD ANALYSIS IN SPSS
No practical
WEEK 10
DEPENDENT ANOVA
3
WEEK 8 PRACTICAL
MEMORY PERSPECTIVES
BY THE END OF THE SESSION, YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO
Conduct the Memory Perspectives practical and
understand the rationale behind the experiment.
Appreciate the way in which the study was carried
out and the hypotheses the study is testing.
Begin to explore the downloaded data set with
respect to testing the experimental hypotheses
using an appropriate test.
Make a start on writing up your INTRODUCTION and
METHOD sections for your lab report.
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PART 1
MEMORY PERSPECTIVES
5
MEMORY PERSPECTIVES
EXPERIMENT
6
PART 2
MEMORY PERSPECTIVES
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MEMORY PERSPECTIVES
EXPERIMENT
8
PART 3
MEMORY PERSPECTIVES
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INTRODUCTION
MEMORY PERSPECTIVES
BURGLAR OR BUYER?
Around the 1970s, psychologists became a bit
miffed about the artificiality of test materials.
There was a movement towards ecological validity
in that to understand real world things, we
should study real world stimuli.
The memory perspectives paradigm was just one
expression of this movement. Here, researchers
were interested in the extent to which prior
knowledge influenced memory. In the study you
just completed, the idea is that prior
information regarding your own perspective
(BURGLAR or BUYER) should influence the types of
things you remember.
(Bransford and Johnson, 1972 Pichert Anderson,
1977)
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METHOD
MEMORY PERSPECTIVES
DESIGN
We assigned a random half of individuals to
BURGLAR or BUYER.
Both groups checked recall against LIST A
(BURGLAR) and LIST B (BUYER).
Is this design within- or between-subjects?
What is the IV? What is the DV?
Research questions
Our current experiment raises two research
questions, which generally refer to the idea the
perspective adopted by the reader will affect
subsequent recall.
Q1 Do BURGLARS and BUYERS have different
levels of recall for LIST A (burglar relevant
items)?
Q2 Do BURGLARS and BUYERS have different
levels of recall for LIST B (home-buyer relevant
items)?
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METHOD
MEMORY PERSPECTIVES
PARTICIPANTS
We can look at the data set straight away
DOWNLOAD AND SAVE THE FILE MEMPER2010.SAV
Here is some demographic information that might
be useful.
87 female, 66 male Age range 18-40 years
Mean 24 years S.D. 2.5 years
The sample were students at the University of
Sussex, none of whom did Psychology.
Introduction to the principles of the experiment,
links to references and copies of the materials
used may be retrieved here
DOWNLOAD AND SAVE THE FILE MEMPER_DEBRIEF
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RESULTS
MEMORY PERSPECTIVES
The first 2 columns show subject id and group
membership.
The last two columns show recall for LIST A
(BURGLAR) and LIST B (BUYER).
(Perspect 0 BURGLAR Perspect 1 BUYER)
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MEMORY PERSPECTIVES
DATA TYPES
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MEMORY PERSPECTIVES
WHAT TEST TO USE?
THE FLOW CHART
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MEMORY PERSPECTIVES
PARAMETRIC OR NOT?
SD21/SD22 2
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NOTES FOR WRITE UP
MEMORY PERSPECTIVES
INTRODUCTION
Like a funnel- all roads should lead to the
rationale for the experiment.
What were the previous studies that lead up to
the current one?
What were the important psychological concepts
and / or distinctions?
What was the outline of the current study and
what were the hypotheses?
METHOD
Must be include enough detail for someone else to
replicate the experiment.
Standard structure Participants / Materials /
Design / Procedure.
Refer the reader to appendices if including
lengthy materials.
Avoid bullet points or lists because the method
section is prose too.
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WEEK 8 PRACTICAL
MEMORY PERSPECTIVES
BY THE END OF THE SESSION, YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO
Conduct the Memory Perspectives practical and
understand the rationale behind the experiment.
Appreciate the way in which the study was carried
out and the hypotheses the study is testing.
Begin to explore the downloaded data set with
respect to testing the experimental hypotheses
using an appropriate test.
Make a start on writing up your INTRODUCTION and
METHOD sections for your lab report.
18
DISCUSSION
MEMORY PERSPECTIVES
GET TOGETHER IN GROUPS OF THREE OR FOUR AND
REFLECT ON TODAYS EXPERIENCE USING THE FOLLOWING
QUESTIONS
What kind of test is appropriate for this design?
How would you have conducted the experiment? Were
the two memory perspectives equivalent?
How much do you trust self-report? Did you take a
peek at the passage?