Sovereignty

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Sovereignty

• Canadian World Politics
• www.CraigMarlatt.com/school

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Sovereignty

1. Showing Pride
2. Global Decision Making
3. Nationalism

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Canadian Symbols

• What does it mean to be Canadian?
• What are the things that represent our country?
• How is Canada recognized around the world?
• What symbols represent YOU?!

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Government Symbols
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Flags Flown Over Canada

• St. Georges Cross Fleur-de-Lis Royal Union
• Spanish Ensign Red Ensign Union Jack
• Maple Leaf

?!
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Multi-Coloured Money
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Typical Images
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Royal Canadian Mounted Police
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Sports Inventions
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Other Inventions
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MORE Inventions
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Design Your Own Coat of Arms
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Design Your Own Coat of Arms
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Design Your Own Coat of Arms
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Design Your Own Coat of Arms
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Design Your Own Coat of Arms
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Design Your Own Coat of Arms
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Canada and the European Union
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Canada and the European Union

• Luxembourg
• Malta
• Netherlands
• Poland
• Portugal
• Romania
• Slovakia
• Slovenia
• Spain
• Sweden
• United Kingdom
• Croatia
• and others

• Austria
• Belgium
• Bulgaria
• Cyprus
• Czech Republic
• Denmark
• Estonia
• Finland
• France
• Germany
• Greece
• Hungary
• Ireland
• Italy
• Latvia
• Lithuania

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Canada and the European Union
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Canada and the European Union

• Other European Countries (non EU members)

• Macedonia
• Moldova
• Monaco
• Montenegro
• Norway
• Russia
• San Marino
• Serbia
• Switzerland
• Turkey
• Ukraine
• Vatican City State

• Albania
• Andorra
• Armenia
• Azerbaijan
• Belarus
• Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Croatia
• Georgia
• Iceland
• Kosovo (?)
• Liechtenstein

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Canada and the European Union
Canada European Union
Government Leader The Rt. Hon. Stephen Harper H.E. José Manuel Barroso
Government Type Parliamentary Democracy Supranational Union
Formation July 1, 1867 May 9, 1950
Population 33 million 496 million
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Canada and the European Union
Canada European Union
Area 9 984 670 sq km 4 325 675 sq km
Divisions 10 provinces, 3 territories 27 countries
Capital Ottawa, Ontario Brussels, Belgium
Gross Domestic Product 1.1 trillion US 13.4 trillion US
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Canada and the European Union

• Current Head of Government of country identified
  assumes additional duties as Presidency of the
  Council of the European Union for term

2013 JanJun  Ireland
2013 JulDec  Lithuania
2014 JanJun  Greece
2014 JulDec  Italy
2015 JanJun  Latvia
2015 JulDec  Luxembourg
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Canada and the European Union

• EU Currency (Bills)
• Multi-coloured
• Archways and Bridges
• NOT specific sites (i.e. not country-specific)
• 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, and 500 denominations

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Canada and the European Union

• Canadian Currency (Bills)
• Multi-coloured
• Prime Ministers and Queen and scenes of
  innovation
• 5 Laurier (TBA 2013)
• 10 Macdonald (TBA 2013)
• 20 Elizabeth II Vimy Ridge
• 50 King CCG Icebreaker
• 100 Borden Medical Innovation

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Canada and the European Union

• EU Coins
• Uniform front, national back
• All coins are valid in all countries
• 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 cent pieces plus 1 and
  2 coins

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Canada and the European Union

• Canadian Coins
• Maple leaf, beaver, bluenose, moose, coat of
  arms, loonie, and polar bear are regular images
  on front, Queen on back
• 1, 5, 10, 25, and 50 cent coins plus 1 and 2
  coins

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Nationalism

• Canada and Quebec
• Indonesia and East Timor
• Turkey, Iraq, and Iran and Kurdistan
• Russia and Chechnya
• Spain and Basque
• United Kingdom and Northern Ireland
• Israel and Palestine

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Nationalism

• In all of these fractured national geographies,
  neo-national identities are in the midst of
  political contest with their predecessors.
• Each predecessor views the new or new-old
  claimant as a threat to its own integrity, or
  even to its continued existence as a state.

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Nationalism

• Neo-nationalism has come to mean violence,
  whereas it should mean mutual recognition and new
  opportunity. Velvet divorces, as between
  Slovakia and the Czech Republic, or successful
  new federal solutions are rare.
• Other notable locations with neo-nationalist
  movements include Scotland, Japan, Denmark,
  Poland, and Yugoslavia, although the United
  Nations estimates that only 25 of its 192 members
  are free from secessionist disputes.

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Nationalism

• Case Studies
• Quebec
• Western Alienation
• Scotland
• Wales

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Border Terminology

• Physical borders are actual walls, gates, or
  other tangible barriers dividing political
  divisions.
• On the other hand, theoretical borders are those
  that exist on paper alone and often just follow
  lines of latitude or longitude and are not marked
  on the ground.

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Border Terminology

• The Great Wall of China A Physical Border

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Border Terminology

• A similar concept is real v. perceived borders.
  Real borders are those that do exist - whether
  physical or theoretical.
• Perceived borders are those which one or more
  people feel exist but are not actually there.
  The latter may affect people just as a real
  border would but nonetheless are not there.

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Border Terminology

• The next type of borders have had significant
  affect in Canada. Temporal borders refers to the
  timing of the creation of the border.
• Antecedent borders are those placed down where no
  development has previously occurred.
• Superimposed borders are those placed down
  irrespective of any existing settlement.

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Border Terminology

• The last set of terms when referring to borders
  are lines and regions. Border lines are those of
  small, finite widths that are knowingly crossed.
  
• Border regions are areas of indefinite width
  surrounding a border line. The width may vary
  significantly depending on many variables
  including population, geography, and political
  stability.

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Border Terminology

• Political exclaves are small areas of land
  belonging to one jurisdiction yet completely
  surrounded by another.

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Border Terminology

• Political Exclaves

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Border Terminology

• Political Exclaves

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Border Terminology

• International Boundary Disputes

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Border Terminology

• International Boundary Disputes

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Border Terminology

• International Boundary Disputes

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Border Terminology

• International Boundary Disputes
• Other disputed border locations include
• Ethiopia and Eritrea
• Japan and Russia
• Chile and Argentina
• Canada and the United States

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The Canada U.S. Border

• Problems with the Superimposition of the
  Canada-U.S. Border

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The Canada U.S. Border

• Problems with the Superimposition of the
  Canada-U.S. Border

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The Canada U.S. Border

• Political Exclaves

BRITISH COLUMBIA
WASHINGTON
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The Canada U.S. Border

• Political Exclaves

ONTARIO
MANITOBA
MINNESOTA
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The Canada U.S. Border

• Border Costs

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The Canada U.S. Border

• A History of Marking the Border

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The Canada U.S. Border

• Opportunities of a North American Perimetre
• Security
• Ease of Movement
• Cooperation
• Sovereignty?
• Political union has always been an option for
  Canada eliminating the physical border would
  not change this