Introduction to Food Security

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Introduction to Food Security
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Defining Food Security

• Food Security exists when all people, at all
  times, have physical and economic access to
  sufficient safe and nutritious food that meets
  their dietary needs and food preferences for an
  active and healthy life.

(1996 World Food Summit)
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Key Facts

• Estimated 925 million hungry people in the world
• By 2008, 33.3 of Tanzanians lived below the
  Basic Needs Poverty line and 17 of the
  population was below the food poverty line.
• of people undernourished (millions) 13.7
• Proportion of undernourished in total pop 34
• Child malnutrition, underweight 44
• Child malnutrition, underweight, stunting 50
• Child mortality rate (per 1000 live births) 108

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Key Facts

• Approximately 40 worlds arable land is degraded
  by climate change and worsening
• Half a billion small farms in the world support 2
  billion people
• Poor people spend 50-80 of income on food
• Agriculture accounts for more than 25 of GDP and
  75 of the labor force
• Total Land area (1000 ha) 88 580 in TZ
• Arable land (1000 ha) 9 600 in TZ

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Learning Objectives

• Introduction to Food Security
• Introduction to Feed the Future
• Describe The EAT Squads role and
  responsibilities
• Identify at least three activities that can
  improve food security

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Why focus on food security?

• Food security and health
• Food security and environment
• Food security and livelihoods
• Every PCV is also a Food Security Volunteer

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4 Food Security Components
Food Security
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Availability

• Food availability addresses supply side of food
  security
• Determined by
• Food Production Levels
• Stock Levels
• Net Trade

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Access

• Food access depends on households ability to
• obtain food from their own production, stocks,
  purchases, gathering
• obtain food from food transfers from relatives,
  members of the community, the government, or
  donors
• individual household members access to resources
• Household ability to meet food needs (over a
  year) varies due to
• inadequate crop production by the household due
  to poor soils or lack of labor
• loss or decrease in income sources such as
  employment, social obligations
• natural disaster.

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Utilization
The way the body uses various nutrients in food

• Individual nutritional status is determined by
  sufficient energy and nutrient intake, which
  results from
• good care and feeding practices
• food preparation
• diversity of diet
• intra-household distribution of food

GOOD NUTRITION
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Stability
Access, Availability, and Utilization should be
stable over time and not affected negatively by
natural, social, economic, or political factors.

• Food security varies across geography and varies
  for each person depending on circumstances.
• At all times the stability dimension of food
  security.
• Emphasizes reducing the risk of adverse effects
  on food availability, access or utilization.
• All people, at all times is integral to the
  definition of food security and is key to
  achieving national food security objectives

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Food InsecurityDuration
Inadequate food consumption varies from a
short-term experience to a lifelong condition.
Two types of food insecurity
Transitory food insecurity
Chronic food insecurity
Short-term Temporary Relatively unpredictable
and can emerge suddenly.
Long-term or Persistent Extended periods of
poverty, asset scarcity inadequate access to
productive or financial resources.
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Gender Food SecurityWomens Role in Food
Security

• Women and children under the age of 5 are the
  most affected by food insecurity
• Women bear the brunt of domestic and agricultural
  tasks
• Preparing and cooking food
• Caring for children, the elderly, and the sick
• In Africa, the HIV/AIDS pandemic burdens
  caretakers even more
• Processing food crops, providing water and
  firewood, picking fruit
• Women are primarily responsible for their
  families health, education, and nutrition.

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Brainstorming.

• There are many ways to respond to food insecurity
  and help your communities improve their capacity
  to reduce poverty and increase food security
• When you get to your community, list a few of the
  things that you need to do to begin work on
  addressing food security.

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Feed the Future

• US governments global hunger and food security
  initiative
• FTF started in Mali (2007) and now is in 21
  countries of Africa Nepal
• PCTZ and FtF signed a partnership in March 2013
• 5 year contract with funding
• Objectives include trainings, small project
  assistance and ME

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Feed the Future

• Eight private sector implementing partners
  focused on different aspects of Food Security
• Partners with PCVs due to access to villages
• Important funding source for grants

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The EAT Squad

• Eight volunteers from all three sectors and a
  wide range of regions
• Facilitate trainings
• Manage resources
• Support YOU! In YOUR food security endeavors

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The EAT Squad

• To promote access to sufficient, safe, nutritious
  food to improve quality of life by providing
  knowledge, skills, and resources to volunteers
  and Tanzanians

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USALAMA WA CHAKULA

• QUESTIONS??
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