Intergroup exercise

1
Intergroup exercise

• Goal win as much as you can

2
Intergroup exercise

• Goal win as much as you can
• Two groups (A in one classroom and B in another
  classroom are making choices GREEN or RED ?
  write down on coloured cards (3 minutes for each
  round)

3
Intergroup exercise

• Goal win as much as you can
• Two groups (A in one classroom and B in another
  classroom are making choices GREEN or RED ?
  write down on coloured cards (3 minutes for each
  round)
• 4 combinations are possible
• R/R G/G R/G G/R ? combination will be
  communicated by teacher

4
Intergroup exercise

• Goal win as much as you can
• Two groups (A in one classroom and B in another
  classroom are making choices GREEN or RED ?
  write down on coloured cards (3 minutes for each
  round)
• 4 combinations are possible
• R/R G/G R/G G/R ? combination will be
  communicated by teacher
• Each (combination of) decisions has a (financial)
  effect
• ? So, the pay-off of a decision depends also on
  the decision of the other group

5
Intergroup exercise

• Goal win as much as you can
• Two groups (A in one classroom and B in another
  classroom are making choices GREEN or RED ?
  write down on coloured cards (3 minutes for each
  round)
• 4 combinations are possible
• R/R G/G R/G G/R ? combination will be
  communicated by teacher
• Each (combination of) decisions has a (financial)
  effect
• ? So, the pay-off of a decision depends also on
  the decision of the other group
• There are 9 decision rounds. Write down payoffs
  round by round ( sommon)

6
Intergroup exercise

• Goal win as much as you can
• Two groups (A in one classroom and B in another
  classroom are making choices GREEN or RED ?
  write down on coloured cards (3 minutes for each
  round)
• 4 combinations are possible
• R/R G/G R/G G/R ? combination will be
  communicated by teacher
• Each (combination of) decisions has a (financial)
  effect
• ? So, the pay-off of a decision depends also on
  the decision of the other group
• There are 9 decision rounds. Write down payoffs
  round by round ( sommon)
• No communication is allowed between the groups,
  except by a negotiator after round 3, 6 en 8

7
Intergroup exercise

• Goal win as much as you can
• Two groups (A in one classroom and B in another
  classroom are making choices GREEN or RED ?
  write down on coloured cards (3 minutes for each
  round)
• 4 combinations are possible
• R/R G/G R/G G/R ? combination will be
  communicated by teacher
• Each (combination of) decisions has a (financial)
  effect
• ? So, the pay-off of a decision depends also on
  the decision of the other group
• There are 9 decision rounds. Write down payoffs
  round by round ( sommon)
• No communication is allowed between the groups,
  except by a negotiator after round 3, 6 en 8
• The pay-offs are multiplied in rounds 4, 7, 8, 9

8
A versus B

• Groups are divided in 4 duos
• ? A blue B blue
• ? A pink B pink
• ? A lime B lime
• ? A fuchsia B fuchsia

9

decision of group A decision of group B pay-off for group A pay-off for group B
GREEN RED RED GREEN RED GREEN RED GREEN 900 - 900 400 - 500 - 1000 1000 500 - 500
10
(No Transcript)
11
Reflections (A and B seperate)

• Decribe your perceptions of
• your own group ... (5 characteristics)
• the other group ... (5 characteristics)
• Write these perceptions down on a transparent
• Group A or B ( colour)
• Other group Own group
• ..... ..
• .. ..
• .. ..
• .. ..
• .. ..

12
Reflections (A and B seperate)

• Analyse your INTRA-group process
• communication between members
• decision making?
• cohesion?

13
Reflections (A and B seperate)

• Analyse the INTER-group process
• common goal
• trust /distrust
• position of the negotiator
• future cooperation? how can you improve this?
• effectivity on an organisational level?

14
A and B groups get together

• Discussion between A B (compare answers on
  previous assignments)
• What went wrong/right?
• How do you feel about each other?

15
Reflections

• Decribe your perceptions of
• your own group ... (5 characteristics)
• the other group ... (5 characteristics)

16
Car company
R D PRODUCTION
PRODUCTION stargazers unrealistic book-knowlegde voices in wilderness workers cash-cows problem-solvers pillars of company
R D future-oriented long-term market-oriented experts narrow-minded occupational therapy boffins nit-pickers
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Result for A B and for the organisation
results group A results group B results Organisation

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Win as much as you can

• Cooperation or competition CHOICE
• GREEN chosing for competition
• Self interest!
• RED chosing for cooperation
• Common interest!

19
Win as much as you can

• If both groups chose for win-lose (GREEN) ?
  lose-lose

20
Win as much as you can

• Best individual group result is
• 22.500 for A
• 25.000 for B
• Worst group result is
• -22.500 for A
• -25.000 for B
• Best organisational result is
• 10.000 for A
• 12.500 for B 22.500
• Worst organisational result is
• -12.500 for A
• -25.000 for B -37.500

21
Organizational Example

• Safety campaign
• GOAL to reduce number of accidents
• to reduce gravity of accidents
• Management safest team gets a trip to the
  Carribean islands
• Situation after one year
• Number of accidents 20
• Numer of serious accidents 5

22
Organizational Example

• What happened?
• ? Competition between teams (win-lose)
• making other team come out as loser
• Not reporting an error on the machine
• Leave about the hammer
• Not cleaning up oil on the floor
• Competition has in INVERSE effect

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WIN-LOSE dynamics

• Within each group
• Task oriented
• Cohesive
• Highly structured
• Loyalty pressure

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WIN-LOSE dynamics

• Between competing groups
• Distortion of perception negative
  stereotyping
• Others are seen as enemies
• Selective perception only listening to what
  supports own point of view
• Personalizing
• Hostility increases interaction decreases

25
Vicious circle
negative relationship distrust
negative perception
decreasing unconstructive communication
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What happens to the negotiators?

• role conflict between
• being a good judge thinking independly and
  taking into account every point of view
• being a good group-member defending the point of
  view of their own group, because of group loyalty
  group pressure
• if their group loses
• much difficulty re-entering the group
• much scapegoating behavior

27
Win as much as you can

• Weird reactions
• A B
• reality -4700 -10.000
• Perception of A WE WON!! (!?)
• Lack of realism
• Even if A and B would be competing companies

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WIN-LOSE consequences

• Consequences of winning/losing
• winner is fat happy loser is lean and hungry
• learning on a system (organizational) level
  decreases
• tension between groups increases
• Doing a favour for others hard!
• People prefer to drown together

29
Learning group assignment

• When did the two groups make a choice for
  cooperation/competition?
• What were the effects on
• trust/distrust?
• communication future cooperation?
• How effective have you been as an organisation?
  Explain why you were (in)effective
• What did you learn form this exercise about
  intergroup cooperation?
• ? In learning report