Chapter 2 Learning About Early People

1

• Chapter 2 Learning About Early People
• Section 1 All People Have A Culture
• Vocabulary p. 37
• Culture The way of life of a group of people at
  a particular time, including their customs,
  beliefs, and arts.
• Custom A social habit or way of living in a
  group.
• Society A group of people bound together by the
  same culture.
• Values The beliefs or ideals that guide the way
  people live.
• Government The established form of ruling a
  place.
• Religion The way people worship the God or gods
  they believe in.
• Legacy The gifts a culture has received and the
  gifts it leaves to future cultures.
• Questions and Answers (1 - 4) p. 40
• What are basic needs?
• Food, clothing, and shelter are essential needs.
• How does the chart on page 38 help you understand
  how cultures around the world differ?
• People develop different ways to meet their
  basic needs, determined to some degree
• by environments.

2

• Chapter 2 Learning About Early People
• Section 2 How Early People Lived
• Vocabulary p. 41
• Ice Age A long period in the past that lasted
  for millions of years.
• Glacier A great sheet of slowly moving ice.
• Old Stone Age The earliest period of human
  culture, beginning about two million years ago
  and lasting until about 8,000 B.C.
• Nomad A person without a permanent home who
  travels in search of food.
•  
• Questions and Answers (1 - 4) p. 44
• How did people live during the Old Stone Age?
• They lived as nomads, surviving by hunting and
  gathering food.
• What tools did early people have? What were they
  made of?
• They had knives, spears, scrappers, axes,
  digging sticks they made flints, which they
  could
• sharpen to cutting edges.
• What continents were most affected by the Ice
  Age?
• Explain your answer. Antarctica, North America,
  Europe, Asia Answers will vary but should
• reference the map on page 42.
• What could have been the consequences if the Ice
  Age had never ended? What would the Earth be
  like?

3

• Chapter 2 Learning About Early People
• Section 3 The Beginnings of Village Life
• Vocabulary p. 46
• New Stone Age A period in social development
  that started about 8,000 B.C., in which people
  first domesticated animals, farmed the land, and
  lived in settled communities.
• Domesticate To tame animals in order to make
  them useful to people.
• Cultivate To prepare and use land for raising
  crops This marked the start of the New Stone
  Age.
• Specialize To be trained to do a particular
  kind of work.
• Artisan A person skilled in crafts such as
  carving or tool making A crafts worker.
• Technology The use of skills and tools to serve
  human needs.
• Catal Huyuk A New Stone Age village.
• Questions and Answers (1 - 4) p. 51
• What twin developments helped increase the food
  supply?
• Cultivation of land and domestication of animals.
• Why did specialization develop?
• People no longer had to spend all their time
  finding food. They had time to develop skills
  and crafts.
• Describe technology. How did it change?
• Technology is the use of skills and tools to
  serve human needs. People continually

4

• Chapter 2 Learning About Early People
• Section 4 How Do We Know bout The Past?
• Vocabulary p. 52
• Histroy The record of what has happened in the
  past.
• Prehistory The period before events were
  recorded in writing the Old and New Stone Age.
• Artifacts Objects that were made by people long
  ago, such as tools.
• Archaeology The study of the remains of past
  cultures.
• Primary Sources A firsthand account of an
  event, such as an official document, a diary, or
  a letter.
• Secondary Sources A written record of the past
  such as a book by a historian, that is based on
  information from a primary source or sources.
•  
• Questions and Answers (1 - 3) p. 54
•  
• What is prehistory? How is it different from
  history?
• Prehistory is the period before writing was
  developed. History began when people could
• make and leave written records.
• How are artifacts useful?
• Artifacts give evidence of what people made,
  which gives clues to how they lived.
• What are primary sources? Name four examples.

5

• Chapter 2 Learning About Early People
• Building Skills Time Skills
• Vocabulary p. 55
• Time Line A line on which selected dates and
  events are written Used to show the order in
  which events occurred and how much time has
  passed between events.
•  
• Questions and Answers (1 - 4) p. 55
•  
• How do time lines help you to find out when
  events took place?
• Time lines list dates in order and show the time
  between them.
• Which event on the time line is earliest?
• Old Stone Age ends.
• Did the Old Stone Age end before or after the New
  Stone Age ended? How can you tell?
• Before Old Stone Age is farther left on the
  time line.
• Do you think time lines are a good way to show
  past events/ Why or Why not?
• Yes It is easier to list dates in order.

6

• Chapter 2 Learning About Early People
• Summary and Review
• Ideas to Remember
• Although the customs and values of a culture
  vary, all people have the same basic needs for
  food, clothing, and shelter.
• During the Old Stone Age people were hunters and
  gatherers and lived in small groups.
• The New Stone Age marked the beginning of village
  life and the rapid growth of technology. An
  abundant food supply made it possible for people
  to specialize.
• Historians and archaeologists are interested in
  finding out about the past. Their knowledge
  helps us understand the world we live in.

7

• Chapter 2 Learning About Early People
• Summary and Review
• Reviewing Facts p. 57
•  
• What are the three basic needs of people
  everywhere?
• Food, Clothing, and Shelter
• Why are values important?
• They guide the way people live and are governed.
• Name two ways in which the deer herds filled the
  basic needs of people during the old Stone Age.
• The flesh was eaten and the hides were worn as
  clothes.
• Why did the people of the Old Stone Age live as
  nomads?
• They traveled to find food.
• How did the end of the Ice Age affect the growth
  of society?
• Warmer climates favored the growth of farming
  people stayed in one place longer.
• What two major benefits did the domestication of
  animals bring to New Stone Age people?
• Animals were a steady supply of food and hides,
  and helped in hunting and carrying loads.
• How did the village of Catal Huyuk become a
  center of trade?
• Villagers produced goods that other wanted to
  buy.
• Describe specialization.