Chapters 1, 2, 25

1
Chapters 1, 2, 25

• Review

2
Name the Term

• The study of relationships between living
  organisms and the environment.
• The interdisciplinary subject that combines
  information from the physical and social sciences
  to learn how the Earth works.
• Natural resources and natural services that keep
  us and other forms of life alive and support our
  economies.

3
Alls of the following are examples of
sustainability EXCEPT

• Renewable Energy
• Green design
• Water Conservation
• Climate Control
• Exponential Growth

4
The population of the world has been increasing

• At a constant rate
• Equally among the countries of the world
• Exponentially
• Slowly since 1963
• Until 2000, when it began to stabilize

5
Which of the following factors is used by the UN
to classify a nation as developed or developing?

• Population gain
• Resource use
• Distribution of wealth in the population
• Degree of industrialization
• Annual birth rate

6
A resoure that can be replaced in a human
lifetime is known as

• Conservation resource
• Nonrenewable resource
• important resource
• Renewable resource
• Sustainable resource

7
Plants and trees can be cut down and replanted.
These resources are

• Renewable
• Nonrenewable
• Perpetual
• Exhaustible
• sustainable

8
An ecological footprint is

• The impact a individual may have on a given area
  of land
• The amount of biologically productive land and
  water needed to sustain an individual within a
  population
• The carrying capacity of the Earth for a given
  population
• The amount of land and water that has been
  converted to nonproductive use with a given
  geographical region

9
A measure of a nations economic development
based on a measure of per capita GDP PPP which
includes all of the following EXCEPT

• Annual market value of all goods produced with in
  the country
• Annual market value of services operating within
  the country
• Disparity of wealth beween individuals within the
  country
• The total population at midyear
• Comparison of individual purchasing power based
  on currency rates

10
The Tragedy of the Commons refers to the
overuse of

• Free-access resources
• Government subsidies
• Privately owned resources
• Venture capital
• Corporate revenue

11
Environmental Degradation is

• Pollution which cannot be broken down in the
  environment
• Harmful materials which can be broken down in the
  environment
• When we exceed or compromise a renewable
  resources natural replacement rate, the
  available supply shrinks
• A type of environmental ethic in which human
  needs and intelligence allow us to use resources
  as we wish.

12
Point pollution sources

• Can usually be identified within a given area
• Can never be located
• Are dispersed and difficult to identify
• Are much more expensive to control than non-point
  sources
• Cannot be controlled

13
All fo the following are true with respect to
pollutants EXCEPT

• They disrupt life-support systems for living
  organisms
• They can damage property
• They create nuisances within an environment
• They contribute to the balance within an
  ecosystem
• They can be a hazard to human health

14
A pollution prevention strategy would include

• Governments spending more money on clean-up
  initiatives
• Burning waste thereby reducing the volume of
  solid waste and moving the pollution to a smaller
  air pollution problem
• Replacing old polluting systems with new
  technology which does not result in as much waste
• Creating efficient waste collection and
  management systems in communities

15
Name the key causes of environmental problems
16
The environmental impact of a population on a
given area depends on which of the following?

• Population size
• Combined environmental effects of technologies
• Affluence-level or consumption of patterns within
  a population
• (Choose 1, 2, or all 3)

17
Environmental ethics is best defined as

• Using the environment wisely
• Maintaining environmental sustainability
• Examining the moral basis of environmental
  responsibility and its extent

18
All of the following are tenants of the
Principles of Sustainability EXCEPT

• Biodiversity
• Population control
• Nutrient recycling
• Fossil fuel recharging
• Reliance on solar capital

19
Nutrient cycling is

• The circulation of chemicals necessary for life
  through living and non-living systems in the
  environment
• One of the natural services of our ecosystems
• A scientific principal of sustainability
• Illustrated by the process of decaying matter
  returning nutrients to the soil to be taken up
  again by plants

20
According to the WHO, poverty often results in
premature death due to all of the following
reasons EXCEPT

• Malnutrition
• Limited access to adequate sanitation
• Severe respiratory disease from indoor air
  pollution
• Available clean drinking water
• Lack of access to health care

21
Affluence results in a safer, often more
environmentally managed society in all ways EXCEPT

• Clean drinking water
• Abundant and safe food supply
• Increased resource use
• Reduction in life-threatening disease
• Education which spurs new technology, research
  and environmental awareness

22
Which graph represents exponential growth?
23
Which of the following contains the LEAST amount
of matter?

• Atom
• Element
• Electron
• Molecule
• cell

24
Which of the following would limit a scientific
investigation?

• Inadequate data and scientific understanding
• No peer review of the results
• Performing an investigation only one time
• Poorly defined model system

25
Science is defined as

• Knowledge of the living and nonliving components
  of the Earth
• An attempt to discover how the natural world
  works
• The classification of nature
• A basis for explaining physical events

26
Which of the following is a component of the
Scientific Method?

• Ask a question
• Do experiments
• Create a new theory
• Choose 1, 2, or all 3

27
A ____ feedback loop causes a system to change
further in the same direction

• Negative
• Postive

28
An ion is defined as

• The smallest unit of matter
• An element with a unique atomic number
• An element with a net electrical charge
• An element having the same atomic number but a
  different mass number
• Another name for a positively charged subatomic
  particle

29
Matter is anything that

• Has mass and takes up space
• Gives off energy
• Is a solid at room temperature
• Cannot be chemically changed

30
Which of the following is not an organic compound?

• Hydrocarbons
• Carbohydrates
• Vitamins
• Lipids
• Water

31
The basic structural and functional units of life
are called

• Organelles
• Bacteria
• Eukaryotes
• Cells
• Molecules

32
All of the following are macromolecules EXCEPT

• Lipids
• Chromosomes
• Nucleic acids
• Proteins
• Carbohydrates

33
Which of the following is NOT a natural state of
matter?

• Gas
• Solid
• Compound
• Liquid
• Vapor

34
Which of the following is an example of a
chemical reaction?

• Combustion of gasoline
• Sugar dissolving in water
• Toasting a piece of bread
• Melting butter

35
Which law of thermodynamics states that energy
can neither be created nor destroyed?

• 1st law
• 2nd law
• Law of Conservation of Matter

36
A large boulder rolling down a hill is an example
of

• Potential energy
• Kinetic energy
• Radioactive energy
• Heat energy
• Chemical energy

37
The measure of how much useful work is
accomplished by a particular input of energy into
a system is known as

• Energy efficiency
• Sustainability
• Energy conservation
• Energy quality
• Energy law

38
The Law of Conservation of matter says

• Matter quality increases when energy changes from
  one form to another
• Energy is neither created nor destroyed in a
  physical or chemical reaction
• Matter quality decreases when energy changes from
  one form to another
• Atoms can neither be created nor destroyed in a
  physical or chemical reaction.

39
While testing a pond site, students find that the
water is slightly acidic. Which of the following
must be true?

• The water has more hydrogen ions (H)
• The water had a pH of 6.
• The water has fewer hydroxide ions (OH-)
• Choose 1, 2, or all 3

40
Name the importance

• Rachel Carson
• John Muir
• Aldo Leopold
• Gifford Pinchot
• Garrett Hardin

41
When did the following occur?

• Wilderness Act
• EPA established
• CCC, TVA established
• Love Canal
• Chernobyl
• Sagebrush rebellion

42
Why are these acts important?

• ESA
• CERCLA
• RCRA
• Wilderness Act
• Clean Water Act
• Clean Air Acts