Motivation

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Motivation
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Are You Motivated?

• Motivation a need or desire that energizes and
  directs behavior towards a goal.
• There are very close ties between emotions and
  motivated behaviors.
• Aron Ralston Story

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Instinct Theory and Motivation

• Is motivation simply an instinct? (Instinct
  Theory)
• Evolution and Instinct
• No
• Instinct A complex behavior that has a pattern
  in a specific species and is unlearned.
• Sea turtles, newly hatched on a beach, will
  automatically move toward the ocean.
• Humans rooting, sucking, and sleeping
• Reflexes
• Maturation

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Drive-Reduction Theory

• Instinct theory was replaced by drive-reduction
  theory.
• Drive-Reduction Theory a physiological need
  creates an aroused state or a drive that
  motivates the organism to satisfy the need.
• Hunger or Thirst

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Drive-Reduction Theory

• The aim of Drive-Reduction Theory is to attain
  homeostasis.
• Homeostasis A balanced or constant internal
  state. The word literally means staying the
  same.
• Causes a drive
• Bodies temperature regulation

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Drive-Reduction Theory

• Incentive positive or negative environmental
  stimulus that motivates behavior.
• We are not just pushed by our need to reduce
  drives we are also pulled by incentives.
• Somebody who is food deprived and smells baking
  bread feels a strong hunger drive and the bread
  becomes the incentive.
• Nature vs. Nurture

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Arousal Theory

• Some motivated behaviors can be explained by the
  want to be aroused.
• We are motivated and driven by curiosity, we are
  fascinated by novel or new things.
• Arousal Theory Motivation aims not to eliminate
  arousal but to seek optimum levels of arousal.

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Maslows Hierarchy of Needs

• Developed by Abraham Maslow
• Pg. 468