Periodic Table Study Guide

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Periodic Table Study Guide
How to Draw Lewis Structures
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Lewis Structures

1. Find your element on the periodic table.
2. Determine the number of valence electrons.
3. This is how many electrons you will draw.

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Lewis Structures

• Find out which group (column) your element is in.
• This will tell you the number of valence
  electrons your element has.
• You will only draw the valence electrons.

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Groups - Review
Group 8 8 electrons
Group 1 1 electron
Except for He, it has 2 electrons
Group 2 2 electrons

• Each column is called a group

3, 4, 5, 6, 7

• Each element in a group has the same number of
  electrons in their outer orbital, also known as
  shells.

• The electrons in the outer shell are called
  valence electrons

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Lewis Structures

1. Write the element symbol.
2. Carbon is in the 4th group, so it has 4 valence
   electrons.
3. Starting at the right, draw 4 electrons, or dots,
   counter-clockwise around the element symbol.

C
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Lewis Structures

1. Check your work.
2. Using your periodic table, check that Carbon is
   in the 4th group.
3. You should have 4 total electrons, or dots, drawn
   in for Carbon.

C
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Lewis Structures

• On your worksheet, try these elements on your
  own
• H
• P
• Ca
• Ar
• Cl
• Al

C
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Lewis Structures

• On your worksheet, try these elements on your
  own
• H
• P
• Ca
• Ar
• Cl
• Al

H
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Lewis Structures

• On your worksheet, try these elements on your
  own
• H
• P
• Ca
• Ar
• Cl
• Al

P
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Lewis Structures

• On your worksheet, try these elements on your
  own
• H
• P
• Ca
• Ar
• Cl
• Al

Ca
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Lewis Structures

• On your worksheet, try these elements on your
  own
• H
• P
• Ca
• Ar
• Cl
• Al

Ar
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Lewis Structures

• On your worksheet, try these elements on your
  own
• H
• P
• Ca
• Ar
• Cl
• Al

Cl
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Lewis Structures

• On your worksheet, try these elements on your
  own
• H
• P
• Ca
• Ar
• Cl
• Al

Al
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Electron Configuration

• Number of electrons in each orbit in linear form.
• Argon
• 2,8,8

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Isotope Notation

• Mass number is the number of protons and
  neutrons.
• When symbols are used to represent an isotope the
  mass number is written next to the symbol on the
  top left.
• The atomic number is written on the bottom left.
  Recall that the atomic number is the number of
  protons.

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EXAMPLE