Ch. 8 1a. Define and Fears

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Ch. 8 1a. Define and Fears

• 1st government of the United States.
• Congress did not want a strong Central
  Government.
• Feared it would take the rights of the people
  away.

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Into Articles of Confederation (Section 8.1
8.2)

• 1b. Strengths
• Declare War
• Make Treaties
• Admit New States
• Manage Indian Affairs.
• Coin Money.
• Establish Post Offices.
• Borrow money.

• 1c.Weaknesses
• Continental Dollars worthless.
• Foreign nations did not respect terr.
• No way to tax the states, ask.
• Ask for enlistments.
• No National Executive.
• Trade bt/ states could not be controlled.
• No Court System.

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2. Early Quarrels and Accomplishments (Section
8.2)

• 2a. Land Ordinance of 1785
• Land was bound by the Mississippi R., Ohio R.,
  and Great lakes.
• Way to divide and sell land to settlers.

• 2b. Northwest Ordinance of 1787
• 5000 people could form a government.
• 60,000 free people, a terr. Can become a state.
• Same privileges.
• No slavery in the terr. NW.

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3. Shays Rebellion and the Need for Change
(Section 8.3)

• 3a. Shays Rebellion
• Economy not doing well.
• Farmers deep in debt.
• Have to sell land and live stock.
• Raid gun arsenal.

• 3b. Call for a Convention.
• Sign country falling apart.
• Revise the Articles of Confederation.
• Make a stronger central government. Make a new
  Constitution.

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4. Opening the Constitutional Convention
(Section 8.4)

• 4a. Father of the Constitution.
• James Madison, bc/ he was the best prepared and
  took great notes.

• 4b. Shared Beliefs
• Had to create a stronger central government.
• 4c. Republic.
• - Country led by elected representatives.

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5. How Should States Be Represented (Section
8.5)

• 5a. Virginia Plan
• 3 branches of government (same 5c.)
• 2 house Leg. Branch.
• Both houses based of Population.
• Favored the large states.

• 5b. New Jersey Plan
• 3 branches of government (same 5c.)
• 1 house, 1 vote.
• Favored the small states.

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6. Resolution The Great Compromise (Section
8.6)

• 6a. The Great Compromise
• An agreement between the large and small states
  over representation in congress, legislative
  branch.
• 2 houses in congress.
• Senate based on equal (2), small.
• House of Reps. Based on population, large.

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6. Resolution The Great Compromise (Section
8.6)

• 6b. Senate
• House of congress based of equal representation.
• 2 from each state.
• Today 100 senators.

• 6c. House of Representatives
• House based on population.
• Large states get more representatives.
• Figured every 10 years.
• Today 435 in the house of reps.

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7. How should Slaves Count / Three Fifths
Compromise (Section 8.7 and 8.8)

• 7a. Northern View
• Did not want count slaves, as this would give
  more representatives to the south.
• Slaves could not vote.

• 7b. Southern view
• Yes, count all the slaves. They are people.
• People treated as property.

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7. How should Slaves Count / Three Fifths
Compromise (Section 8.7 and 8.8)

• 7c. The Compromise / solution
• 3/5 Compromise.
• Compromise between the North and the South over
  counting slaves as a part of the population.
• 3/5 of the slaves (portion) would be counted as a
  part of the total population for determining
  Reps. In the House of Reps.

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8. How Should the Chief Executive be Elected /
Electoral College (Section 8.9 and 8.10)

• 8a. One or Three
• Should they have 1 executive or three, one for
  each branch.
• The founders decided on one executive for the
  Executive Branch.

• 8b. Electoral College
• Every 4 years electors from each state would
  choose the electors who would then vote for the
  President and Vice President.
• Only position not directly elected by the voters.
  
• Only 2 times has the popular vote been different
  than the electoral college vote.

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9. The Constitution Goes to the States (Section
8.12)

• 9a. The Federalist
• They were in favor of the Constitution.
• Favored a strong central government.

• 9b. Anti-Federalist
• They were against the Constitution.
• Thought the national government had too much
  power.
• Wanted a bill of rights added to the constitution.

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9. The Constitution Goes to the States (Section
8.12)

• 9c. Federal System or Federalism
• Shared power between the national and state
  governments.
• Some powers are different and some are the same
  and shared.
• Examples N trade between the states.
• S trade with in the state.
• Both taxes

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10. Ch. 8 Vocabulary (Exam)

• 10a. Study the Ch. 8 Notebook Vocabulary page,
  Key Concepts.