Diapositivo 1

1
Escola Secundária de Serpa
Barragem do Alqueva
Biology
Ano lectivo 2006/2007
2
Introduction

• In this work it will be presented
• Some photographs of the Old Alentejo
• The Dam of the Alqueva
• The Current Alentejo.

3
Old Alentejo
The Old Alentejo had its landscapes badly
treated.
4
We can see that in the bad order of the
territory.
5
The fields were, essentially, cultivated of
corn-field.
6
(No Transcript)
7
Did not exist Intensive cultures.
8
The way everything started

• The first references to the necessity to create
  this project dates from 100 years ago.
• The project itself is from 1957, being
  contemporary of the Plan of Irrigation of the
  Alentejo. Data that the Guadiana is an
  international river, were celebrated the
  International Covenant Luso-Spaniard, who
  attributes to Portugal the hydraulical
  exploration of the understood sector enters the
  confluences of the river Caima and the riverside
  of Cuncos.
• The first works had been initiated in 1976 and,
  two years, had constructed to the cofferdams of
  sum and ebb tide, the provisory shunting line
  tunnel of the water course and all the
  infrastructures of support and access.
• In 1978 the workmanships had been interrupted,
  having been retaken, in 1993, after a phase of
  new studies.

9

• Finally in May of 1995 the restarted works, after
  an international public competition, launched for
  the Installing Commission of the Alqueva.
• In January of 2002 the main body of the barrage
  was concluded and its floodgates of deep and way
  are locked up the 8 of February of the same year.
  

10
Where is it located?
Located in full Alentejo, the dam of the Alqueva
was installed in the river Guadiana, downstream
of the confluence of the river It thaws and the
sum of the confluence of the river Ardila. The
albufeira presents 1100 km of edges and 83 a
total extension of km, throughout the
municipality of Moura, Portel, Mourão, Reguengos
the Monsaraz and Alandroal.
11
Its characteristics
Characteristics of lagoon
Hidrology characteristics
Characteristics of dam
12
Hidrology characteristics
Area of the hidrografic basin - 55000 km² Annual
average of the caudal volume - 2851000 x 1000
m90,34m³/sFull caudal- 12000 m³/sPeríod of
money return - 1000 years
13
Characteristics of the dam
Croncrete Vault of double bending Height
above of the ground - 96 mQuota of the - 154
mLength of - 458 mWidth of - 7 m -
RockVolume of concrete - 687 x 1000
14
Characteristics of the Albufeira
Area flooded to NPA - 250000 x 1000m²Capacity
total - 4150000 x 1000m³Useful capacity -
3150000 x 1000m³Level of full storage (NPA) -
152 mLevel of full principle (NMC) - 154,7
mMinimum level of exploration (Nme) - 135 m
15
Main objectives
The main objective of the EFMA (Enterprise of
Multiple Ends of the Alqueva, created for the
dam) is mainly the construction of a water
reserve in order to satisfy the necessities of
the region, given the irregularity of the volume
of the Guadiana and the occurrence of periods of
drought in the region. Besides that, it still
intends to guarantee the regular water supply,
keep up with the gradual changes in agriculture,
to reinforce the capacity of energy production,
to create of tourism potentialities, to fight
desertification, to intervene in an organized way
with the environment and the estate and to
promote the regional job offer.
16
Advantage of the dam
Economics
Farming
17
Advantages of Farming

• Bigger amount of water available (irrigated field
  )
• More fertile soil
• Cattle raising

18
Advantages Economics

• To increase the search of the products
• To create dimension of offers of the products in
  the region
• To increase the knowledge of the producers on the
  products
• To increase the capacity technique in the region
• To develop the competitiveness of the products
• Tourism
• Production of electric energy

19
Alterations that if verify with the alteration of
the dams

• Alteration of culture, starting to sow itself
  predominantly oliveiras, instead of the wheat,
  rye, barley
• Production of hídrica energy
• Bigger amount of drinking waters
• A natural habitat for diverse animal species
• The seen Alentejo as a tourist place and of
  leisure
• The Alentejo with enterprise and lucrative
  chances

20
With the construction of the Alqueva, the
landscape also got excited . In the first
photograph we can see a zone that not yet was
submerged.
21
Great part of the territory in return of the dam
was submerged. With these images already the
great dimension of busy territory for the water
is well visible.
22
Due to construction of the dam of the Alqueva,
the river Guadiana started to have little water,
therefore great part is restrained in this.
23
Current Alentejo
In the Current Alentejo we saw an improvement in
the exploitation of the territories.
24
(No Transcript)
25
(No Transcript)
26
In the territories, mainly, they are cultivated
olivais