SGTM 12 - Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration

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SGTM 12 Disarmament, Demobilization and
Reintegration
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• DDR and peacekeeping
• Disarmament
• Demobilization
• Reintegration
• Peacekeepers roles in DDR
• Practical ways to destroy weapons

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• Disarmament
• Collecting and disposing of small arms and
  ammunition
• Demobilization
• Formal discharge of active combatants
• Reintegration
• Helping ex-combatants becomeself-sustaining
  civilians

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The Broader Spectrum of Peacekeeping
Conflict management
and resolution
Conflict
prevention
Post
-conflict
peace-
building
Non -
Non -
military
military
Military
DDR
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DDR in Peacekeeping
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The Long Road Home
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Targeted for disarmament

• Regular government forces
• Irregular and opposition forces
• Police forces
• Civil defence forces
• Militias
• Armed civilians

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Disarmament is

• Collection
• Control
• Disposal

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Disarmament collection of

• Small arms, light weapons(SALW)
• Ammunition
• Explosives
• Mines

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Demobilization happens when armies or militias

• Downsize, or
• Completely disband

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Demobilization Camps
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Activities in demobilization sites

• Recreation/sports
• Literacy training
• Basic education
• Skills training
• Language training
• Health education

• Civic education
• Information programme
• Peace accord orientation
• Vocational counselling
• Sensitization
• Pre-discharge orientation

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Reintegration

• Helps ex-combatants become self-sustaining
• Includes assistance measures (cash, in kind,
  training)

DDR mottoYou need to replace the soldiers gun
with something better.
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Types of assistance

• Transitionary support allowance (frequently
  cash-based)
• In-kind assistance
• Vouchers
• Entitlements
• Vocational training

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Formed military units

• Provide for a secure environment with freedom of
  movement
• Destroy weapons cheaply, quickly and safely

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Tasks for military

• Destruction of weapons
• Guarding ammunition, weapons storagefacilities
• Guarding assembly, cantonment areas
• Operating checkpoints
• Escort duties and patrolling
• Transport of ex-combatants (disarmedpersonnel)
  to assembly sites/cantonment

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Tasks for UNMOs

• Monitoring separation of forces
• Monitoring withdrawal and disbandment of
  irregular forces
• Manning reception centres

• Registering and collecting weapons,ammunition and
  explosives
• Registering ex-combatants
• Conducting investigations

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United Nations police role in DDR

• Advise/supervise, train local police
• Monitor reintegration
• Conduct investigations
• Administer weapons buy-back
• Disarm civilians
• Maintain law and order

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United Nations police and UNMOs may collect
small arms
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Destroying small arms by

• Burning labour-intensive, highsymbolic value
• Cutting labour-intensive, slow butrelatively
  simple
• Shredding effective but expensive

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Destroying small arms

• Before
  After

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• Only specialistsshould performcollection and
  destructionof ammunition and explosives

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Only specialists should workwith unsafe
ammunitions
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• DDR is a bridge from war to peace
• Successful DDR sustains peace, preventsreturn to
  war
• UN military provides security, logisticssupport,
  other as mandated
• Police can assist in small arms
  collection,assist in maintaining order, if
  capacity andmandate to do exists
• Reintegration is largely a civilian activity