Obesity

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Obesity Fitness

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Outline

• 10 Facts of Obesity
• Presence Of Risk Factors For Obesity
• High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise and Fat Loss
• Moderate-Intensity Exercise and Fat Loss
• The type of Movement
• Parameters
• References

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10 Facts of Obesity
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Presence Of Risk Factors For Obesity
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• This discrepancy may be associated with changes
  in hormone levels that occur with menopause.
• Additionally, young females perform much of the
  housing work in China, but perform less physical
  activity in old age.

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• Our binary logistic regression results show that
  obesity was significantly associated with high
  blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, high
  triglycerides, a fatty liver, living in urban
  setting, and a high level of education.
• It contributes to steatosis and high lipids and
  cholesterol in the blood, leading to
  atherosclerosis, the narrowing of blood vessels
  due to deposition of fatty materials in coronary
  arteries.

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• Obesity increases the risk of diabetes because it
  increases insulin resistance, which leads to
  glucose intolerance.
• Thus, obesity is associated with CVD risk
  factors, making it a significant emerging health
  problem.

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High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise and Fat Loss
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• Research examining the effects of HIIE has
  produced preliminary evidence to suggest that
  HIIE can result in modest reductions in
  subcutaneous and abdominal body fat in young
  normal weight and slightly overweight males and
  females.

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• The length of both the sprint and recovery
  periods has varied from 6 s to 4min.
• Most commonly the sprints are performed on a
  stationary cycle ergometer at an intensity in
  excess of 90 of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max).

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• The most utilized protocol in past research has
  been the Wingate test which consists of 30 s of
  all out sprint with a hard resistance 13.
• This protocol amounts to 3 to 4 min of cycle
  exercise per session with each session being
  typically performed 3 times a week.
• This protocol, although remarkably short in
  duration, is extremely hard and subjects have to
  tolerate significant discomfiture.

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• Thus, the Wingate protocol is likely to be
  unsuitable for most overweight, sedentary
  individuals interested in losing fat.
• That insulin resistance has recently been shown
  to primarily be located in leg muscle 62
  suggests that HIIE exercise that focuses on the
  legs is likely to show the greatest insulin
  sensitivity increases.

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• In conclusion, regular HIIE produces significant
  increases in aerobic and anaerobic fitness and
  brings about significant skeletal muscle
  adaptations that are oxidative and glycolytic in
  nature.
• HIIE appears to have a dramatic acute and chronic
  effect on insulin sensitivity.

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Moderate-Intensity Exercise and Fat Loss
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• PA may play a role in the primary prevention of
  weight gain, and the US Dietary Guidelines for
  Americans (4) recommends 60 min of
  moderate-intensity PA for the prevention of
  weight gain.
• More recent literature reviews conclude that PA
  ranging from 150250 min/week results in weight
  loss of lt3 percent of initial body weight (3,5).

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• Two recent comprehensive reviews of the
  literature have reported that PA interventions
  result in a modest decrease in body weight.
• The current study demonstrated that a prescribed
  dose of 150 min/week or 300 min/week of PA
  resulted in lt2 weight loss in overweight adults.

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• Weight gain was also accompanied by an increase
  in abdominal adiposity, which has been shown to
  increase risk of chronic health conditions such
  as cardiovascular disease and diabetes (24).
• In summary, the mean change in body weight
  resulting from an intervention that promotes
  150300 min/week of moderate- intensity PA with
  no reduction in energy intake is lt2.0 kg.

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• Exercise training studies with overweight and
  obese youth have shown that they can reduce their
  body fatness by participating in physical
  activity that is at least moderate intensity on
• 3 to 5 days a week, for 30 to 60 minutes each
  time.

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Parameters
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• Intensity was prescribed as moderate to vigorous,
  which was defined as 5585 of age-predicted
  maximal heart rate or 1115 on the 15-point
  rating of perceived exertion scale.

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The type of movement
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References

• http//www.who.int/features/factfiles/obesity/en/
• Hindawi Publishing CorporationJournal of
  ObesityVolume 2011, Article ID 868305, 10 pages
• DIAB-4956 No. of Pages 6
• VOLUME 19 NUMBER 1 january 2011(www.obesityjourn
  al.org )
• 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans
• Chapter 2. Physical Activity Has Many
  Health Benefits 12
• Chapter 3. Active Children and
  Adolescents 18
• Chapter 4. Active Adults 23

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