Title: Chapter 2 Section 3
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2Chapter 2 Section 3
- European Conquest of Africa
3Europeans on the Coast
- Before 1500 Europe and Africa traded as equals
- After 1500 it turned into the enslavement and
forced migration of millions of Africans - By 1900 Africa was divided among European
countries
4African Slave Trade
5Portuguese Exploration
- Wanted to trade directly with West Africa
- Wanted to trade with Asia
6Trade with Asia
Dias and De Gama
7Improved Navigation
- Lateen sail (triangle-shaped sail) allowed ships
to sail against the wind. - Astrolabe helped navigate at sea.
8 Lateen
Astrolabe
9What was Traded?
Africans Traded Gold Cotton Ivory Skins Metal
objects Pepper
African Animal Skins
10What was Traded?
- Europeans Traded
- Copper
- Brass
- Clothing
11What was Introduced from Africa?
Watermelon
Rice
12What was Introduced from Europe?
Cassava
Yams
13Change in Trade Relations
- Portuguese found an all-water route to the
far-east - Discovered the riches of the East African coast
and seized these riches
14European Trade Spreads
- The Dutch, French and English set up trading
posts along Africas coasts - The Dutch built a trading post on the Cape of
Good Hope
15Cape of Good Hope!
16The Atlantic Slave Trade
- Slave trade existed in Africa before America was
colonized - African Americans were treated like property by
the Europeans settling in America
17The Middle Passage
The Trip from Africa to the Americas was called
the Middle Passage
18Indians or Africans That is the Question!
- European settlers needed laborers for their mines
and plantations - Cheaper to use enslaved Indians or Africans than
to pay workers
19Advantages of Using African Workers
- Disease resistant
- Unfamiliar territory
- They were skilled farmers, miners and metal
workers
20The Slave Trade Begins
- Some African nations refused to take part
- By 1780 about 80,000 African slaves were being
shipped to America each year!
21The Horrors of Slavery
- 20 of slaves died on the Middle Passage
- Many died young
- Separated from family
- Susceptible to disease in slave huts
22Slave Beatings!
23Effects of Slavery on Africa
- Some Africans grew wealthy from slave trade
- West Africa lost much of its population
- Not enough skilled workers left
- Families were torn apart
- African societies broke down
African Blacksmith
24Europeans Colonize Africa
- Mid 1800s African slave trade ended
- Europeans then raided Africas interior for
natural resources - Europeans claimed empires in Africa
The Industrial Revolution in England required
natural resources
25The Scramble for Africa
- By 1900 European nations had colonized many parts
of Africa - To colonize means to settle an area and take
control of its government
26European Rule
27Effects of European Control on Africa
- African people had little power in their
governments - Europeans encouraged rivalries among African
ethnic groups. - Europeans took the best land for farming
- Europeans drew new political boundaries
28Rivalries among African Ethnic Groups