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Chapter 2 Section 3

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Title: Slide 1 Author: Paw Paw Public Schools Last modified by: Lynette Brown Created Date: 10/13/2005 11:29:22 AM Document presentation format: On-screen Show (4:3) – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Chapter 2 Section 3


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Chapter 2 Section 3
  • European Conquest of Africa

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Europeans on the Coast
  • Before 1500 Europe and Africa traded as equals
  • After 1500 it turned into the enslavement and
    forced migration of millions of Africans
  • By 1900 Africa was divided among European
    countries

4
African Slave Trade
5
Portuguese Exploration
  • Wanted to trade directly with West Africa
  • Wanted to trade with Asia

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Trade with Asia
Dias and De Gama
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Improved Navigation
  • Lateen sail (triangle-shaped sail) allowed ships
    to sail against the wind.
  • Astrolabe helped navigate at sea.

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Lateen
Astrolabe
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What was Traded?
Africans Traded Gold Cotton Ivory Skins Metal
objects Pepper
African Animal Skins
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What was Traded?
  • Europeans Traded
  • Copper
  • Brass
  • Clothing

11
What was Introduced from Africa?
Watermelon
  • Okra

Rice
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What was Introduced from Europe?
  • Corn

Cassava
Yams
13
Change in Trade Relations
  • Portuguese found an all-water route to the
    far-east
  • Discovered the riches of the East African coast
    and seized these riches

14
European Trade Spreads
  • The Dutch, French and English set up trading
    posts along Africas coasts
  • The Dutch built a trading post on the Cape of
    Good Hope

15
Cape of Good Hope!
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The Atlantic Slave Trade
  • Slave trade existed in Africa before America was
    colonized
  • African Americans were treated like property by
    the Europeans settling in America

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The Middle Passage
The Trip from Africa to the Americas was called
the Middle Passage
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Indians or Africans That is the Question!
  • European settlers needed laborers for their mines
    and plantations
  • Cheaper to use enslaved Indians or Africans than
    to pay workers

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Advantages of Using African Workers
  • Disease resistant
  • Unfamiliar territory
  • They were skilled farmers, miners and metal
    workers

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The Slave Trade Begins
  • Some African nations refused to take part
  • By 1780 about 80,000 African slaves were being
    shipped to America each year!

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The Horrors of Slavery
  • 20 of slaves died on the Middle Passage
  • Many died young
  • Separated from family
  • Susceptible to disease in slave huts

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Slave Beatings!
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Effects of Slavery on Africa
  • Some Africans grew wealthy from slave trade
  • West Africa lost much of its population
  • Not enough skilled workers left
  • Families were torn apart
  • African societies broke down

African Blacksmith
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Europeans Colonize Africa
  • Mid 1800s African slave trade ended
  • Europeans then raided Africas interior for
    natural resources
  • Europeans claimed empires in Africa

The Industrial Revolution in England required
natural resources
25
The Scramble for Africa
  • By 1900 European nations had colonized many parts
    of Africa
  • To colonize means to settle an area and take
    control of its government

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European Rule
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Effects of European Control on Africa
  • African people had little power in their
    governments
  • Europeans encouraged rivalries among African
    ethnic groups.
  • Europeans took the best land for farming
  • Europeans drew new political boundaries

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Rivalries among African Ethnic Groups
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