TECHNICAL SEMINAR PRESENTATION

1
TECHNICAL SEMINAR PRESENTATION
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
Presented by
NISHITH RANJAN SAHOO Roll no EI200117284
Under the Guidance of
Dr. Partha S. Mallik
2
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
INTRODUCTION

• GPRS (General Packet Radio Service)
• Reuse the existing GSM infrastructure
• Introduce packet-switched routing functionality
• Better data transfer rates
• Low cost and connectivity-oriented
• Migration Path to 3G Networks
• Always on / always connected

3
NEED FOR GPRS
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS

• Existing Cellular networks have problems
• Data Rates too slow about 9.6 kbps
• Connections setup too long complicated
• Proves expensive for bursty traffic utilization
• Inefficient resource utilization for bursty
  traffic
• No efficient method for packet transfers

4
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
PACKET-SWITCHED TECHNIQUEVS. CIRCUIT-SWITCHED

• In circuit-switching, resources (e.g. a channel)
  are allocated to user for duration of connection
• Inefficient use of resources
• User pays for the whole connection
• High QoS channel maintains real-time connection
• In packet-switching, resources are allocated to
  user only for the time it takes to send each
  packet
• A channel can serve many users
• User pays by the packet
• Ideal for bursty data connections

5
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
GPRS ARCHITECTURE

• GPRS GSM packet switching. GPRS has the
  features of a real data network.
• Speeds up to 190 kbps (theoretical maximum).
• No dial-up modems needed, but direct
• connections.
• Billing based on sended/received bits, no
• telephone ticks.
• All applications available (www, e-mail, ftp,..).
• The setup time is negligible less than a second.

6
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
GPRS ARCHITECTURE

• How is the high speed of GPRS realized?
• Dynamic assignment of bursts to a user. In GSM 1
  burst per user.
• In GPRS theoretical maximum of 8 bursts per user.

Sync 26 bits
000
Data 57 bits
1
1
000
Data 57 bits
7
MIGRATION FROM GSM TO GPRS
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS

• The migration path from GSM to GPRS requires
• Additional packet switching nodes (routers
  between the base stations and the mobile switch
  center).
• The existing GSM nodes to be upgraded with GPRS
  functionality.
• Commercial data services to be provided for this
  a GPRS operator needs to deploy other elements
  like Access servers and Firewalls.

8
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
GPRS ENVIRONMENT
9
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
GPRS ARCHITECTURE MOBILE STATION

• GPRS MS includes two components
• MT (Mobile Terminal). Typically a handset used
  to access the radio interface.
• TE (Terminal Equipment). Typically a laptop or a
  Personal Digital Assistant (PDA).
• Three types of MS
• Class-A Could be attached to both GPRS and
  other GSM services, and the MS supports
  simultaneous operation of GPRS and other GSM
  services.
• Class-B Could be attached to both GPRS and
  other GSM services, but the MS can only operate
  one set of services at a time.
• Class-C Could be exclusively attached to one
  service type at a given time.

10
GPRS ArchitectureInterfaces
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
MSC/VLR
HLR
D
Gr
Gs
Gc
A
Gb
Gn
Gi
PDN
TE
TE
MT
BSS
SGSN
GGSN
Ga
R
Um
Ga
Gp
Gn
Billing System
CGF
Other PLMN
SGSN
GGSN
Gf
EIR
CGF(Charging Gateway)
11
SGSN SERVING GPRS SUPPORT NODE
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS

• At the same hierarchical level as the MSC.
• Transfers data packets between mobile stations
  and GGSNs.
• Keeps track of the individual MSs location and
  performs security functions and access control.
• Detects and registers new GPRS mobile stations
  located in its service area
• Participates into routing, as well as mobility
  management functions.

12
GGSN GATEWAY GPRS SUPPORT NODE
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS

• Provides inter-working between PLMN and external
  packet-switched networks.
• Converts the GPRS packets from SGSN into the
  appropriate packet data protocol format (e.g., IP
  or X.25) and sends out on the corresponding
  packet data network.
• Participates into the mobility management.
• Maintains the location information of the mobile
  stations that are using the data protocols
  provided by that GGSN.
• Collects charging information for billing purpose.

13
GPRS ARCHITECTUREBACKBONE NETWORK
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS

• Tunnels of data and signaling messages between
  GPRS support nodes.Protocol architecture based on
  the Internet Protocol (IP).
• GTP (GPRS Tunneling Protocol) used to tunnel user
  data and signaling between GPRS Support Nodes.
• Two kinds of GPRS backbone Network
• Intra-PLMN backbone network The IP network
  interconnecting GSNs within the same PLMN.
• Inter-PLMN backbone network The IP network
  interconnecting GSNs and intra-PLMN backbone
  networks in different PLMNs.
• Border Gateway handles the packet transfer
  between GPRS PLMNs.

14
GPRS ARCHITECTURE BACKBONE NETWORK
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
Packet Data Network
Inter-PLMN Backbone
Gi
Gi
Gp
GGSN
BG
BG
GGSN
Intra-PLMN Backbone
Intra-PLMN Backbone
SGSN
SGSN
SGSN
15
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
PACKET TRANSFER

16

MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
PLMN2
PLMN1
BSC
BTS
BSC
BTS
SGSN
SGSN
MS
Inter-PLMN GPRS Backbone
Gn
Intra-PLMN GPRS Backbone
Intra-PLMN GPRS Backbone
Gp
Border Gateway
Gn
Border Gateway
Gn
GGSN
Packet Data Network(PDN) Eg.Internet,Intranet
SGSN
Gi
GGSN
Host
Router
17
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
MOBILITY MANAGEMENT

• Mobility management is the means by which GPRS
  keeps track of a mobile subscriber location while
  connected to the Network.
• Main concepts
• GPRS mobility management states
• GPRS network access.
• Attachment.
• Location management
• Packet Data protocol PDP context
• Detachment

18
MOBILITY MANAGEMENT STATES
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS
IDLE
GPRS Attach
unreachable mobile
Explicit Detach
GPRS Detach
READY
Timer expiry/Force STANDBY/Abnormal RLC
condition
reachable mobile
PDU Transmission /Reception
STANDBY
19
CONCLUSION
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS

• The GPRS should cost uses less than
  circuit-switched services since communication
  channels are being used on a shared basis and
  also the packets are need-based rather than
  dedicated only to one user.
• The next stepping stone would be moving towards
  3G by implementing EDGE (Enhanced Data rates for
  Global Evolution),
• The GPRS is the key transition phase and is a
  fundamental requirement for Third Generation
  Mobile Communications.

20
MIGRATION OF GSM TO GPRS

• THANK U !!!!!!!!!!!!!