Population Change

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Population Change
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Natural Population Change

• A change in the population due to the difference
  in of births and the of deaths.
• Births Deaths Natural Change

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• Natural Increase - population is growing because
  the number of births are greater than the number
  of deaths.
• 5500 Births - 4800 Deaths
• Population had a NATURAL INCREASE of 700 people.

• Natural Decrease - population is shrinking
  because the number of births are less than the
  number of deaths.
• 6300 Births - 7800 Deaths
• Population had a NATURAL DECREASE of 1500
  people.

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Population Pyramid graphs that show the
structure of a population by age and gender.
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Expanding population - population is increasing
because of a high
birth rate - high death rate
(a) or decreasing (b) - pyramid is wide at
the bottom - usually indicates undeveloped or
developing
countries
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Stationary population - population is basically
staying the same (c) - declining birth rate /
low death rate - child-bearing age groups are
replacing
themselves - middle is roughly the width
of the bottom - usually indicates developed
countries
Contracting population - population is decreasing
(d) - low birth rate / low death rate
- child-bearing age are not replacing
themselves
- bottom more narrow than middle -
usually indicates developed countries
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BIRTH RATE / DEATH RATE
Birth rate - the number of births per 1000
people, in a year. BR births x 1000
population Death rate - the number of
deaths per 1000 people, in a year. DR
deaths x 1000 population
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Highly Developed Countries
Low birth rates. Why? 1. Access to affordable
birth control. 2. Health care offers prenatal
and family planning education. 3. Educated
people have less children. (female education) 4.
Educated women work more and have children later
in life. 5. As the economy moves away from
primary activities less children are
needed to help provide income.
Low death rates. Why?

• Better health care reduces death rate.
• Educated people live longer.
• 3. Better water supply and sanitation.
• 4. More access to food better nutrition.
• 5. Lower infant mortality rates.
• 6. Higher standard of living leads to all of
  the above.

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Lower developed/ developing countries have High
birth rates. Why? High death rates. Why? The
opposite reasons of why developed nations have
low birth and death rates.
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DEPENDENCY RATIO
Dependency ratio - people under 15 and over 64
who are dependent on the working population. The
statistics for population pyramids can give you
the data to determine dependency
ratio. Dependency ratio ( under 15 over
64) x 100 15 - 64
Dependency ratio (33.8 8.4) x 100 73 per
100
57.8 Every 100 people in the potential labour
force supported themselves and 73 additional
people. Usually the population that is expanding
has the highest dependency ratio.
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GRAYING OF THE POPULATION Graying of the
population - when the of older people in the
population is increasing. Factors that
contribute to a graying of the population A.
Low birth rate - less young people B. Low
death rate - older people live longer C.
Young people moving away - higher of older
people D. Better health care - people live
longer E. Higher standard of living - people
live longer