Kingdoms (simple to complex)

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Kingdoms (simple to complex)

• 1. Monerans
• 2. Protists
• 3. Fungus
• 4. Plants
• 5.Animals

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Microorganisms ...

• ... are living things that require a microscope
  to see them, although...

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• ... some
• microorganisms
• colonize,
• sometimes so big you can see them
• without
• a microscope.

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Microorganisms are mainly represented in 2
Kingdoms

• Monerans- bacteria and blue-green bacteria
• Protists- one -celled beasties that move

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Plus a really strange group of microorganisms
called

• Viruses
• Really common
• Very, very small
• Alive???

I feel sick!
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and we will also study

• Fungus- plant-like decomposers that are
  mostly colonial

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Kingdoms (simple to complex)

• 1. Monerans
• 2. Protists
• 3. Fungus
• 4. Plants
• 5.Animals

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Kingdom Monera

• Have no nucleus
• Have chromosomes that carry genetic information.
• Have a cell wall and cytoplasm

Bacteria
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Moneran Groups(Phyla)

• Blue-Green Bacteria
• single cell or chains no nucleus but have
  chromosomes
• Pollute lakes (algae bloom)
• producers, have chlorophyll

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• Bacteria- single cell or chain decomposers
• three shapes (round,rod, spiral)
• a few are harmful, some helpful, most neutral.

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Bacteria is bad because

• Causes many bacterial diseases
• Spoils food

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Bacteria can be controlled by

• Boiling
• Dehydration
• Cold Temperatures
• Antiseptics (cleaning chemicals)
• Antibiotics (medicines)

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Bacteria is good because

• Is the worlds greatest decomposer- breaks down
  (rots) dead things
• plus used in genetic engineering, making foods,
  softening leather, etc.

Movie w questions
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Are Viruses Alive??

• Alive
• Reproduce
• Invade host and cause harm
• Have protein coat and DNA

• Not Alive
• Can only reproduce in host cell
• Cannot live by itself

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Viruses are very small and invade other cells.
Human Skin Cell
Viruses
Bacteria
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All it takes is 1 virus to attach to the cell
membrane.
Receptor Molecule
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Virus invades host cell...

• ... they reproduce themselves using the hosts
  energy.

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Eventually the host cell is destroyed...

• ... the viruses spread out of the cell to invade
  neighboring cells, etc...

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Viruses cannot be killed by antibiotics because
they are not alive, but ...

• ... your immune system produces
• antibodies
• proteins that
• destroy the
• virus.

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What is a Vaccine?
Weakened form of the virus that builds up your
antibodies
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Kingdoms (simple to complex)

• 1. Monerans
• 2. Protists
• 3. Fungus
• 4. Plants
• 5.Animals

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Kingdom Protist...

• ... are single celled, and have a nucleus. most
  are consumers, a few producers.

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Protists are classified by how they move

• Sarcodines-
• Move by
• oozing and
• flowing
• (very slow)

Ex. Amoeba engulfing food.
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• Ciliates- Move by little hairs called cilia.

Ex. Paramecium
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• Flagellates- move by means of a whip-like
  tail called a flagellum.

Ex. Euglena
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• Sporozoans- do not move but instead are
  parasites and move via their host.
• Ex. Plasmodium- causes malaria

Parasite lives in or on another organism and
hurts it
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Microorganisms are important!

• Some are helpful, some are harmful!

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Kingdoms (simple to complex)

• 1. Monerans
• 2. Protists
• 3. Fungus
• 4. Plants
• 5.Animals

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Kingdom Fungus...

• ... are mostly colonial and decomposers although
  some...

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... are parasites and cause disease.
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Fungi reproduce asexually using spores released
by 1. Club Fungus.
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Other fungi produce their spores in 2. Sac
Fungus
Yeast
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Other fungi release their spores at the ends of
thin 3. Filament Fungus.
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However, the main idea is that Kingdom Fungus

• Is a colonial organism.
• Is not a plant, but a decomposer.
• Reproduces asexually by spores using clubs, sacs
  or filaments.
• ex. Mold, mushrooms, mildew

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A special decomposer is the lichen...

• ... an algae and fungus living together.

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Kingdoms (simple to complex)

• 1. Monerans
• 2. Protists
• 3. Fungus
• 4. Plants
• 5.Animals