???? (Time)

1
?????????

• ?????????????????????????
• ???????????????????

??? ?????? ????????? ??????????
2
???????????????

• ?????????????????
• ?????????
• ??????????????????? ??.???

3
???????????????????????????
???? (Time)
??????? (Space)
??????? (Force)
4
OPERATIONAL FACTORS
OBJECTIVE
OPERATIONAL FACTORS
SPACE-
FORCE
TIME
SPACE
FORCE
TIME-SPACE
TIME-FORCE
BALANCING
FORCE
SPACE -
TIME -
INFORMATION
PPT-96VEG040B
5
?????????????????/??????????
WAR STRATEGY
STRATEGIC
STRATEGIC OPERATIONAL TRANSITION
CAMPAIGNS and Maj. Opns
OPERATIONAL
OPERATIONAL TACTICAL TRANSITION
OPERATIONS, BATTLES and ENGAGEMENTS
TACTICAL
5
6
??????????????????????
?????????/??????
???????????????????????
??????????
7
????????????????????????
????????????????
??????????????????????
8
Operational ArtOverview
9
???????????? (Critical Factors)

• ?????????????????????????????? (Critical
  Strength)
• ????????????????????? (Critical Weakness) ???????
• ???????????????????? ????????????????????????????
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ???

10
???????????? (Critical Factors)

• ???????????????????? (Critical Strength)
• ??? ??????????????????????????????????????????????
  
• ??????????????????????????? ???? ???? C4I
  ?????????????????
• ?????????????????? (Critical Weakness)
• ??? ??????????????????????????????????????????????
  
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ????????
• ???? ??????????? C3I ?????????????????????? ??????

11
???????????? (Critical Factors)

• ??????????????????????????????????????????????
  
• ????????????????????? ????????????????????????????
  ????
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ???????
• ????????????????? (Critical Vulnerabilities)
• ??? ??????????????????????????????????????????????
  ????? ???
• ??????????????????????????? ??????????????????????
  ???????
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????

12
??????????? (Center of Gravity - CG.)

• The hub of all power and movement upon which
  everything depends
• ???????????????????????????????????????
  ???????????????????????????????????

13
???????????

• ??? ??????????????????????????????????????????
• ?????????????????????????????
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• ????????????? ????????????????????????????
• ?????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????
• ????????????????????????????????????
• ????????????????????? ????????????
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• ???? ????????????? ???????????????????????
  ????????????
• ????????????????????????? ??????????????????????
  ?

14
???????????????????????
??????????????????? ?????????????
????????????????? ???????????????
????????????????? ??????????????
????????????? ?????????????
??????????? ????
??????????????????? ???????????????
????????
??????????????????? ?????????????????????
?????????????????? ??????????????????
????????????? ??????????
???????????? ?????????
??????????????????? ??????????????????????????
????????????? ??????????????????? ???????????
15
????????????????????????????????????????????????
???????????????????????????????????????????????
???????? (??????? ????????????)??????????????????
???????????
16
THE CONCEPT OF CRITICAL FACTORS
CRITICAL FACTORS
CONCRETE (TANGIBLE)
ABSTRACT (INTANGIBLE)
CRITICAL WEAKNESSES
CRITICAL STRENGTHS
IF OPEN TO ATTACK
CRITICAL VULNERABILITIES (CVs)
OBJECTIVE(S)
CENTER OF GRAVITY (COG)
97-VEG033.PPT
17
????????????????? (Decisive Points)

• ??? ?????????????????????????????????????????????
  ?????????????????????????????????
• ?????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ?????? ???????????????????????????????????????????
  
• ?????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????? (Line of Operation)

18
DETERMINING THE ENEMYS CENTER OF GRAVITY
DERIVED (OR REAL) ENEMYS OBJECTIVE
STRATEGIC OPERATIONAL TACTICAL
ENEMYS CRITICAL FACTORS
CRITICAL WEAKNESSES
CRITICAL VULNERABILITIES
CRITICAL STRENGTHS
ABSTRACT (INTANGIBLE) CONCRETE (TANGIBLE)
OPERATIONAL RECCE INTELLIGENCE
COMMANDERS EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS

• ENEMYS CENTER OF GRAVITY
• STRATEGIC
• OPERATIONAL

INDIRECT
DIRECT
APPLICATION OF FORCE
OPERATIONAL COMMAND
PPT-97VEGO38
19
Capability
Capability
Capability
Critical
Capability
Centre of Gravity
Capability
Critical
Capability
Capability
Critical
Capability
Capability
20
Capability
Critical
Centre of Gravity
Capability
Critical
Capability
Critical

• Not all CVs are created equal
• some are more vulnerable then others
• Enduring vs Temporal effects
• Larger vs Smaller holistic effects
• not every CV will be included in DPs

21
Critical Capability Matrix
22
Crafting a DP
COMMANDERS GUIDANCE INTENT
Risk
CC
P / M / E
CR
Themes
CV
Strengths vs Weaknesses
DECISIVE POINT
CV2
Essential Tasks
CV4
Allowable Effects
CV
CV1
CV3
CR
Restrictions Constraints
MISSION ANALYSIS
CC
CRITICAL CAPABILITY ANALYSIS COA Development
23
DECISIVE POINT MATRIX

Potential Subordinate Tasks
DP
Affected CCs
DP
Actions
Exploit Periods and Weather
Counter Satellite Surveillance activities,
Deception

• NEF capability to monitor PDF activities in
  Pamalia confused and deceived IOT to allow PDF to
  prepare forces and establish a FOB unobserved

Deceptive Manoeuvre
2
1
ECM against C2 and Downlink.
DSD activities
Air Strike or Degrade Ground Stn
Kinetic Strike on Ground Stn network (destroy)
24
Framework LoO
4
7
13
14
9
DEEP
En CoG Own CoG
1
11
10
3
8
16
15
CLOSE
REAR
2
5
6
12
25
Function LoO
13
14
C2
4
7
3
6
ISR
10
2
16
15
INFO
Own CoG
En CoG
9
STRIKE
8
5
12
SUSTAINMENT
PROTECTION
1
11
26
Functional Lines Of Operation (Peacekeeping)
Governance
Judiciary
Elections
Buffer Zones
Border Control
Deploy
Security
Mission COG
Humanitarian
Camps
Aid
Infrastructure
Water/Sewerage
Economy
Farms
Trade
IO
Radio Stn
OWN COG
Own
FP
Medical
27
The Design of a Line of Operation
OBJ
Mission Essential Tasks
CG
DP 5
DP 4
DP 3
DISRUPT DISLOCATE
DP 2
DP 1
PROTECT
Conflict Termination/Resolution
CG
Described through end state
28
COA

• Broad theme
• LoO

29
37
37
30
OPERATION CHROMITE
Chinnampo
Haeju
Inchon
31
OPERATION CHROMITE
Gen Almond
32
SEP - OCT 1950
38
38
33
SEP - OCT 1950
?
8TH US
38
3RD ROK
38
34
OP CHROMITE
block reinforcements
recapture Seoul
seize Kimpo
destroy NKPA
Op endstate
Op CG
clear mines
Inchon beachhead
block LoCs
block escape
sustain Pusan defence
Pusan breakout
35
CRITICAL FACTORS
CRITICAL FACTORS
PHYSICAL (TANGIBLE)
ABSTRACT (INTANGIBLE)

• GEOGRAPHIC
• GEOSTRATEGIC POSITION
• GEOPOLITICAL POSITION
• POSITIONS
• BASE OF OPERATIONS
• LINES OF OPERATIONS
• LINES OF COMMUNICATIONS
• ETC.
• MILITARY
• ARMED FORCES
• INDIVIDUAL SERVICES (ARMY, NAVY, AIR FORCE)
• THEATER ARMY, FLEET, AIR FORCE
• NUMBERED ARMY, FLEET, AIR FORCE
• MAJOR FORCE ELEMENTS (AIR CORPS, NAVAL TASK
  FORCES, AIR TASK FORCES)
• TACTICAL UNITS (DIVISIONS, BRIGADES, REGIMENTS,
  NAVAL SQUADRONS / GROUPS, AIR DIVISIONS /
  REGIMENTS / SQUADRONS)
• INTELLIGENCE
• C3I NODES
• LOGISTICAL SUPPORT AND SUSTAINMENT
• BATTLEFIELD SURVEILLANCE

• POLITICAL
• DIPLOMATIC
• PSYCHOLOGICAL
• WILL TO FIGHT
• LEADERSHIP
• ALLIANCE/COALITION COHESION
• ALLIANCE / COALITIONS COMMUNITY OF INTERESTS
• PUBLIC SUPPORT
• REEVALUATION OF OVERALL STRATEGY
• UNITY OF COMMAND
• SERVICE / JOINT DOCTRINE
• MORALE
• DISCIPLINE
• COMBAT TRAINING
• COMBAT READINESS
• ETC.

• NON-MILITARY
• STATE ORGANIZATION
• ECONOMY
• MINERAL RESOURCES
• AGRICULTURE
• FINANCES
• BANKING
• ENERGY RESOURCES
• ETC.

97-VEG030.PPT
36
??????????????????? ??. ???
37
??????????????????????????????????? Commanders
Estimate of the Situation
38
???.
???? 1 ??????????????????
???? 2 ?????????????????????????
????? ???????????
???? 3 ?????????????????????????????
???? 4 ????????????????????????????
???? 5 ?????????????????????????????????
???????????????????? ???????????????????
???? 6 ??????????????????????????????
???? 7 ?????????
39
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???????????? ???????
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???
?????? ???????
????? ??????
???
???????????? ????????????????
???
???
40
????????????
Development of Plan
41
????????? (??? ???.)
1 ???????????????????????????
2 ???????????????
3 ???????????????????????????
4 ??????????????????? ??????????????????????????
5 ???????????????????
6 ?????????????????????????????????????????
7 ???????????????????????????????
8 ???????????????????????????
????????????? ??? ?/????
????????????? ??? ?/????
????????????? ??? ?,??? ?/????
42
CoG ???????????????????
????? Threat ?
????? Threat Capability Intention
(Opportunity)
43
CoG ???????????????????
Threat Capability Intention (Opportunity)
Threat CoG Intention (Opportunity)
Change Intention
Degrade COG
No more Threat
44
???????????