Standards and Protocols

1
Standards and Protocols

• Unit 6, Chapter 12
• LAN Installation Operation

2
Objectives

• Describe the installation and operation of a LAN.
• Describe the necessary management criteria to
  deploy a LAN.
• Identify the factors that affect a LANs
  performance.
• Explain why LANs have distance limitations.
• List the major components of a home network.
• Describe the functions of a NOS.
• Describe the security implications when
  installing a wireless network.

3
LAN Selection Criteria

• Objectives
• Number of Workstations
• Type of Workstations
• Number of Concurrent Users
• Cost Constraints
• Security
• Wiring Availability
• Vendor Support Training
• Expandability
• Other LANs
• Required network interfaces
• Type of Use
• Number of Printers
• Medium Distance
• Speed
• Applications
• LAN Software Hardware

4
LAN Cost Consideration

• Hardware Cost
• Software Cost
• Space for equipment
• Immediate Cost
• LAN installation
• Workstations
• Servers
• Printers
• Bridges
• Software
• Recurring Cost
• operating cost
• Hardware software maintenance
• training cost for LAN users and administrators

5
Gigabit EthernetComparison of Ethernet
Technologies
6
LAN Considerations

• Protocol
• CSM/CD, Token Ring
• Medium
• Coaxial cable and fiber optic cables are more
  noise-resistant mediums.
• Error rates
• Speed
• Common LAN speeds for PCs are 1, 2.5, 4, 10, 16,
  20 and 100 Mbps.
• Trend is for higher speeds so can transmission
  greater volumes of data.
• Distance
• Distance in LAN is measured in wiring length.
• Most microcomputer LANs range from few 100s m to
  several 1000s m
• Applications
• Application Program Interfaces (APIs) are used to
  interface with networks.
• Some software is not LAN compatible.

7

• LAN Software and Hardware
• Selecting software hardware that is compatible
  with existing equipment.
• Speed of the equipment
• Expandability
• Adding workstations or more workstations from one
  location to another.
• Ease of expandability depends on medium
  installed.
• Adding nodes is more difficult for fiber optic
  cables than for twisted-pair wires or coaxial
  cables.
• Remote Access
• Vendor and Support
• You can be more successful with a good vendor,
  and a less capable LAN than with a poor vendor
  and a superior LAN.
• Vendor speed of resolving problems, obtaining
  needed equipment, etc. are factors of
  consideration in LAN operations.
• Manageability
• Do not underestimate the time and effort required
  to operate manage a LAN.
• LAN Management Tasks are listed in Table 9-4 on
  page 260.
• Security
• LAN software must have ability to control access
  to data, unlike stand-alone microcomputer systems
  which are usually single-server systems.

8
Token Ring and 802.5 Comparison
9
Remote Access MethodsRemote Access Connection
Methods
10
Remote Access MethodsDSL Architecture from Home
to Central Office
11
Remote Access MethodsOverhead View of a
Wireless Network
12
LAN Installation

• Installation of Equipment
• NICs
• Wiring/Cabling
• Server Hardware Software
• Bridges,Routers,Switches,Gateways,UPS
• User Access Requirements (power)
• Document LAN installation
• Drawings
• Settings
• IP Address usage
• Training Users Admins
• Start usage
• Maintain Fine Tune

13
Network ManagementMonitoring a Network

• Organization management
• Physical Safeguards
• Documentation
• Change Control
• Hardware Software Backup
• Access to Network Facilities
• Network Application Standards
• Network Performance Monitoring
• Disaster Planning Recovery
• Network Time (NTP)

14
Disaster RecoveryPlanning
15
LAN Software

• Workstation Software Considerations
• APIs/Netbios
• Microsoft Server
• NT
• Windows Server 2000
• Windows Server 2003
• Windows Server 2008
• UNIX (HP,Solaris,IBM)
• LINUX
• Novell

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LAN Security

• LAN Security should be built in from the starts
• Password rules (length characters)
• Remote access consideration
• Encryption implementation
• Backups restores, off-site storage
• Policies
• User
• Admins
• Remote access

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Home Networks

• Peer to Peer
• Ethernet
• Wireless
• Phone Line Networks
• Multiple computers share one internet connection
• Power Line Networks

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Home Networks - Components

• Personal Computer Interconnect or Industry
  Standard Architecture
• PC bus standards
• Personal Computer Memory Card Interface Adapter
• Standard on laptops
• Wireless

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Network Management Design Implementation

• Develop the statement of requirements
• Obtain concurrence
• Investigate Alternatives
• Network Design
• Select Equipment Vendors
• Prepare for Implementation
• Implementation
• Cutover

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Network Management Requirements Alternatives

• Develop the statement of requirements
• Ensure that the network engineer understands
  requirements
• Work closely with management and users
• Obtain concurrence
• Investigate Alternatives
• Ask Questions , research methods to meet
  requirements

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Network Management Network Design Selection
of Vendors

• Network Design
• Modeling
• Simulation
• Star, Ring , fully meshed
• Expected Traffic Flow
• Select Equipment Vendors
• Use information obtained
• Request for Proposals
• Calculation of costs benefits

22
Network Management Preparation for
Implementation/Implementation

• Preparation for Implementation
• Develop project plan
• Obtain approval from management
• Communication to users
• Implementation
• Installation
• Stress testing
• Work Load Generators
• Cable and wiring labeling
• Training

23
Network Management Cutover

• Startup of new or upgraded network
• Testing each and every function
• Use pre-defined test scripts
• Increased staffing to support cut over
• Changes made must be documented
• Post Installation Audit of implementation

24
Review Questions

• 1. The client software called NetBIOS, which
  stands for Network Basic Input-Output Systems,
  operates at both layer 2 (the data link layer)
  and layer _______ (the session control layer) of
  the OSI model.
• a. 3
• b. 4
• c. 5
• d. 7

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Review Questions

• 2. More and more families are creating home
  networks to ______________.
• a. avoid the high cost of ISPs
• b. share a high-speed Internet connection
• c. practice their networking skills
• d. ensure greater network security

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Review Questions

• 3. One of the most important prerequisites for
  home networking is _____________.
• a. thorough knowledge of networking
• b. an MSCE certification
• c. broadband cable access
• d. ease of installation

27
Review Questions

• 4. Which of the following is not a phase of
  network design as described in the text?
• a. developing the statement of requirements
• b. investigating alternatives
• c. network design
• d. implementation

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Review Questions

• 5. Management approval of a technical project is
  normally required _____.
• a. at the beginning of the project
• b. at the end of most phases of the network
  design process
• c. after the network is installed and they can
  see how it is operating
• d. only under exceptional circumstances

29
Review Questions

• 6. IPsec is used in which of the following?
• a. SPOOLing
• b. VPNs
• c. MVS
• d. PDNA

30
Review Questions

• 7. Attenuation is ________________.
• a. the increase of signal strength by a factor of
  ten
• b. only an issue on digital circuits
• c. the weakening of a signal over a distance
• d. only an issue on circuits provided by ATT

31
Review Questions

• 8. Which of the following statements is true?
• a. Network cabling is often more expensive than
  the cost of the labor necessary to install it.
• b. It is best to install cabling with just
  enough capacity to meet todays requirements.
• c. Cabling does not need to be labeled because
  it can easily be traced.
• d. all of the above
• e. none of the above

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Review Questions

• 9. Internetwork designers must ___________
• a. deal with multiple organizations
• b. consider the high speed backbone that will
  carry traffic between networks.
• c. understand how routers, switches, and bridges
  work.
• d. consider traffic prioritization issues.
• e. All of the above.

33
Review Questions

• 10. Which of the following routing techniques are
  used in WANs?
• a. dynamic routing
• b. distributed routing
• c. static routing
• d. All of the above

34
Homework

• Due Next Week
• Review
• Chapter 12, pp. 318-344
• Chapter 18, pp. 521-531
• Read
• Chapter 13, pp. 350-371
• Chapter 14, pp. 378-411
• Complete
• Multiple Choice Questions 1-7 on pp. 373-374
• Multiple Choice Questions 1-10 on pp. 412-414