Rise of Dictators

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Rise of Dictators
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What is a dictator?

• Someone who leads a government with complete
  control
• Usually come to power during times of emergency
• Usually not a nice person

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Benito Mussolini

• Leader in Italy from 1922-1943
• Started the Fascist party
• Fascism- an extreme form of patriotism and
  nationalism that is often linked to racism.
• Wanted to create a new Roman Empire
• Fought in WWI
• Kicked out of Socialist party

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Benito Mussolinis Goals

• Hated Democracy
• Glorified military
• Despised socialism and communism
• Used Black Shirts, youth and community to advance
  his cause
• Controlled the media
• Italian superiority

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Benito Mussolinis Actions

• Other political parties outlawed
• Reduced unemployment
• Joined Hitler in WWII to form the Axis Powers
• Fled after WWII and shot to
  death by Italians
• Italian Treasury went broke after
  WWII

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Joseph Stalin

• Leader in Russia from 1924-1953
• Ran a Communist party
• Government controls economy
• Strengthen Russia to conquer the world

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Joseph Stalins Goals

• Built up position over years
• Execution or labor camp for all dissenters
• Used Georgian thugs to kill his opponents
• Wanted to help country catch up with the rest of
  the world
• Turns country into a steel factory

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Joseph Stalins Actions

• By 1930, was a totalitarian government
• Government suppresses all opposition and
  individuals have NO rights
• No economic base to support development
• Stabilized economy but no real growth

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Adolf Hitler

• Ruled Germany from 1933-1945
• Started the Nazi Party
• He said Germany had been treated unfairly with
  the Treaty of Versailles
• Dismantles German republic

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Adolf Hitlers Goals

• Believed only Germans with blond hair and blue
  eyes were true Germans
• Blamed Jews for many of their problems
• Conquered most of Europe
• Spread death as no one else in history

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Adolf Hitlers Actions

• From 1921-1923, Nazi Party grows from 6,000 to
  53,000
• Gathered Brown Shirts, SS and Gestapo as spy
  groups and enforcers
• Rebuilt Germanys economy by preparing for
  another war
• Built tanks, guns and other war supplies

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Why was there a Rise of Dictators?

• Germany, Japan and Italy felt shut out of the
  economic growth of the 1920s
• New leaders promised to improve life and expand
  territory
• Allies had expected Germany to pay for damages
  during WWI
• Germany didnt have enough money to do this.

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Why was there a Rise of Dictators?

• Leaders were overthrown by stronger leaders
• Nationalism-belief that your country is better
  than any other country

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Dictators Expand Territory

• Dictators in Europe and Japan sought new
  territories.
• Imperialism
• Nationalism
• Militarism
• Hitler invades Austria, then Sudetenland

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Appeasement

• British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain met
  with Hitler in Munich
• The Munich Agreement
• Germany would gain control of the Sudetenland but
  would stop seeking more territory
• Appeasement- give dictators what they want and
  hope they dont want anything else

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Dictators Expand Territory

• Hitler breaks his promise- conquers the rest of
  Czechoslovakia
• Promised Poland was next. Great Britain and
  France warned that an attack on Poland would mean
  war.
• June 1940 Germany invaded Poland.
• Two weeks after, France surrendered
• Hitler expected Great Britain to seek peace.

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WWII Begins

• Hitler attacks London but the British Royal Air
  Force is able to hold off the Germans
• Despite his partnership with Stalin in the
  Nonaggression Pact, Hitler invades the Soviet
  Union in June 1941

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Dictators Expand Territory

• Dictators in Europe and Japan sought new
  territories.

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Lend-Lease Act

• 1941, Congress approves the Lend-Lease Act with
  Roosevelts support.
• Allowed the US to lend or lease resources and
  equiptment to the Allies.
• US sends Allies about 50 billion worth of goods.