Chapter Four

1
Chapter Four

• The Struggle for Ohio

2
The Beautiful Country

• The six historic Ohio Indian tribes love Ohio.
• The French who live in Canada want Ohio for the
  fur trade.
• The colonists along the Atlantic Coast want more
  land to farm. Virginians wanted to set up
  plantations in Ohio.

3
French and Indian War

• The French built Fort Duquesne at the headwaters
  (Pittsburgh) of the Ohio River to protect the fur
  trade.
• The Virginians convinced the other colonies to
  join them in fighting for Ohio.
• The Governor of Virginia sent George Washington
  and some soldiers to tell the French that Ohio
  belonged to Virginia.

4
A Terrible War

• French and Indians attacked settlements in
  Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Kentucky. They
  scalped their victims.
• The American colonists attacked Indian villages
  throughout Ohio. Even women and children were
  killed.
• Soldiers came from Great Britain to help the
  colonists.

5
First Treaty of Paris

• France gave all its land in North America to
  Great Britain.
• Pontiac wanted the French back. He united the
  six tribes in a revolt. (Pontiacs Revolt)
• British will not let the American colonists
  settle Ohio.
• Proclamation of 1763. The colonists were not
  allowed to cross an imaginary line down the
  middle of the Appalachian Mountains. Ohio should
  remain Indian hunting grounds not farms.

6
American Revolution

• Great Britain wanted control of the colonies.
• Tea, glass, lead, and paper were all taxed.
• The colonies declared their independence. They
  called themselves the United States of America.
• The Indians sided with Great Britain.
• Logans Lament
• Gnaddenhutten Massacre.

7
Treaty of Paris, 1783

• After eight years of fighting, the British signed
  a peace treaty recognizing the United States as
  a free and independent nation.
• They gave the US all the land south of Canada and
  north of Florida to the Mississippi River.
• Ohio now belonged to the Americans.

8
Northwest Ordinance of 1787

• All the land north of the Ohio River and west to
  the Mississippi was called the Northwest
  Territory. Parts of the territory could become
  states in three stages.
• First, a governor and three judges would run the
  territory.
• Then, when 5,000 free men lived there, the
  territory could set up a legislature. Slavery
  would be outlawed.
• When 60,000 free people lived in the territory,
  it could become a state.

9
The Ohio Indian Wars

• Two American armies were sent to defeat the
  Indians.
• The Indians defeated Generals Harmar and St.
  Clair.
• General Mad Anthony Wayne defeated the Indians
  at the Battle of Fallen Timbers.
• Little Turtle and Anthony Wayne sign the Treaty
  of Greeneville.

10
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• Practice Test