CHAPTER 9 Mental Disorders

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CHAPTER 9Mental Disorders

• Objectives
• 1. Compare and contrast organic
• and functional disorders.
• 2. Describe the four categories of functional
  mental disorders.

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MENTAL DISORDERS

• What are they???
• Rooted in emotional, psychological, physical, or
  biochemical problems.
• Can interfere with normal functioning with self,
  others, and even society.
• Can differ from person to person and episode to
  episode.

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• Mental Disorder An illness of the mind that can
  affect the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of a
  person, preventing him or her from leading a
  happy, healthful, and productive life.

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• Can you think of any individuals, characters,
  etc. who suffer from a mental illness?

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• What are some misconceptions about mental illness?

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• Organic Disorder Caused by a physical illness
  or an injury that affects the brain.
• What are some examples???

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Organic Disorder Causes

• Brain tumors, alcoholism, infections such as
• Syphilis Bacterial STD that can have serious
  long-term effects like paralysis, blindness and
  death.
• Meningitis- Is a viral or bacterial disease
  caused by the inflammation of the protective
  membranes covering the brain and spinal cord
• Lupus Autoimmune disease in which the immune
  system produces antibodies to cells within the
  body leading to widespread inflammation and
  tissue damage.
• Stroke - Occurs when the blood supply to the
  brain is blocked or when a blood vessel in the
  brain ruptures, causing brain tissue to die.
• Some are inherited Chemical imbalances

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Functional Disorders

• May occur as the result of psychological causes
  in which no clear brain damage is involved.
• Result from conditions such as stress, emotional
  conflict, fear, or poor coping skills.

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• Chemical imbalances may also cause functional
  disorders.
• Four main categories Anxiety disorders,
  somatoform disorders, affective disorders,
  personality disorders.

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• Anxiety Disorder An illness in which real,
  imagined, or persistent fears prevent a person
  from enjoying life.
• Characterized by continuous, chronic anxiety.

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• Do you have any phobias???
• Specific fears that are so strong, a person goes
  to extreme measures to avoid the object or
  activity.

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Anxiety Disorders

• Phobias
• Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
• Panic Disorder
• Post-Traumatic Stress

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Somatoform Disorder

• Describes an illness in which a person complains
  of disease symptoms, but no physical cause can be
  found.
• Hypochondria
• MY GIRL

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Affective Disorder

• A mood disorder often with an organic cause that
  relates to emotions and may involve mood swings
  or mood extremes that interfere with everyday
  living.
• Bipolar, Depression

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Personality Disorders

• A variety of psychological conditions that affect
  a persons ability to get along with others.
• Me, Myself, Irene

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Personality Disorders

• Antisocial Personality Disorder
• Passive-Aggressive Personality Disorder
• Schizophrenia

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Suicide

• Chapter 9, Lesson 2
• History
• Risk Factors
• Signs of Suicidal Behavior
• Ways to help prevent it

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Suicide

• The taking of ones own life
• 30,000 people every year
• The third leading cause of death for teenagers
• Why??? List reasons

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According to the National Conference of State
Legislatures (NCSL)

• 19.3 percent of high school students have
  seriously considered killing themselves.
• 14.5 percent of high school students made actual
  plans.

• 900,000 youth planned their suicides during an
  episode of major depression.

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Risk Factors

• Divorce of parents.
• Violence in the home.
• Inability to find success at school.
• Feelings of worthlessness.

• Rejection by friends or peers.
• Substance abuse.
• Death of someone close to the teenager.
• The suicide of a friend or someone he or she
  "knows" online.

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Depression

• In 1997, more teens died from suicide than from
  cancer, heart disease, AIDS, birth defects,
  stroke and chronic lung disease combined.
• Feel hopeless, helpless and sadness
• Problems, pressure
• Feel overwhelmed
• Alone, isolated

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What are some Warning Signs?

• Withdrawal
• Drop in grades
• Giving away stuff
• Taking more risks / doesnt seem to care
• In a happier mood all of a sudden
• Drug and alcohol abuse
• Cluster Suicides several suicides occurring
  around the same time and place.

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How can you prevent this from happening to
someone you know?

• Talk to them
• Most problems are temporary
• Dont leave them alone
• Help them talk to someone
• Dont ignore signs or keep it a secret

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• A medical Doctor who specializes in diagnosing
  and treating mental disorders and can prescribe
  medication???

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Psychiatrist

• Psychotherapy Dialogue between patient and
  psychiatrist.
• Psychoanalysis An analysis of patients past.
• Medical Psychotherapy Use combination of meds.
  And therapy.

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Neurologist

• Is a specialist that deals with Organic Disorders
  of the brain and nervous system.
• May perform surgery if necessary

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Clinical Psychologist

• Diagnoses and treats emotional and behavioral
  disorders.
• Cannot prescribe medication
• Practices basic counseling, therapy, and can test
  for certain mental disorders

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Counselors

• School, Pastoral, Addiction
• Usually help young people in personal or
  educational matters
• Have a Masters degree

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Psychiatric Social Worker

• Usually works in mental hospitals or mental
  health clinics.
• May work for a family service agency that aids
  clients who have emotional problems.
• Usually have a Masters degree