????:How to study smart?

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????How to study smart?

• ???
• ??????
• ???????? ???????????

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??

• Why? ??Study hard or Study smart?
• What? ????
• ?????????????
• ???????????
• How? ??Study smart?
• ??
• ??????
• ????
• ??

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1. Why? ??(??)

• Academia
• UK Taiwanese students? excellent team
• Industry??????
• 2003??????????2282 hrs/yr? 43hrs/week?????
• 2007??????????????2170??,????,??????2305??
• 96.5.11111??????????8.18hrs, 50????
• Academia Industry
• ?????2007, 2008????????NTU???(??????????),
  ??????(????)
• ?????????
• Work hard or work smart?

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2. What? (??) ??????????????
High school University
???? T lead S absorb ?????????? ???? T facilitator S T assign reading, S??preview, ??????, ?????, ??????, ?????? ????????
??? English textbook?????
??? ?????? Lake ???? ??????Ocean ????
?? Multiple choice test One correct answer ???? Open-ended questions Essay writing ???????? (???)
??????? ?????? Cut and paste ??????????? (???)
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2. What? (??) ?????????
??? ????? ???? ????
????? ???,????? ????,????????? ?????????????,??(????)??
??? ???? ?????????????? ????????????
??????? ????,???? ??????? ???,???? ???,PPT???,???
???????? ????,??? ?????????????? ???????,???????
???????? ??????????? ???????
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????????(95??????????)
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????????(96??????????)
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????????(97??????????)
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??????????(97??????????)
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?????(97??????????)
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?????????? 10.5 (97??????????)
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3. How? ?? Study smart?(??)

• Ability to learn
• Input (???? ???)
• Effective study
• Study English textbooks or journal articles
• Output(?????? ?????)
• Writing
• Oral presentation

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????

• ??????
• ???????
• ???????
• ??????
• SQ3R
• Behaviorism

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3.1 ????????(??27?)
???? ??
1.?????? 23
2.????? 20
3.????? 17
4.?????? 15
5.???????,???? 10
6.??????,???,??? 10
7.???????????,????? 7
8.?????????? 1
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?????????

• ?????????(????????)
• ????????????
• ????????????
• ????? vs. ????
• ?????????

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????

• ???????--SQ3R97.4?????????
• Survey
• Questioning
• Read
• Recite
• Review

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Example Environment and Behavior

• 1. WHAT IS BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE?
• 1.1 Principles of Classical Conditioning
• 1.2 Principles of Operant Conditioning
• 2. HOW DOES REINFORCEMENT INFLUENCE BEHAVIOR?
• 2.1 Antecedents of Behavior
• 2.2 Kinds of Reinforcers
• 2.2.1 Primary Reinforcers
• 2.2.2 Conditioned and Generalized Reinforcers
• 2.2.3 Self reinforcement
• 2.3 Principles of Reinforcement
• 3. HOW CAN YOU DEVELOP STRATEGIES FOR CHANGING
  STUDENT BEHAVIOR?
• 4. HOW CAN YOU MAINTAIN NEWLY ESTABLISHED
  BEHAVIORS?
• 5. HOW CAN BEHAVIORAL PRINCIPLES ENHANCE THE
  TEACHING-LEARNING PROCESS IN YOUR CLASSROOM?

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3.2 ??????

• ?????????-- ??????????97.9?????????
• ????????????
• ??????
• ??????????
• ?????????????
• ??????(argument)
• ???????
• ???????
• ???????????
• ?????????
• ????

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3.3 ????

• ????
• ??
• ??
• ??
• ????
• Outline (SQ3R?S)
• 5 W (Why, who, what, how, whether or not how
  much) (SQ3R?Q)
• Key words (????)
• Avoid distractions

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4. ??(??)

• ???????????,??????,??Study smart.
• ?????????????????
• Input?? ??
• Output????????
• ????Study smart.