Pronouns

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Pronouns
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Personal Pronouns

• Personal pronouns are replacements for nouns that
  function as subjects, predicate nouns, direct
  objects, indirect objects, and objects of
  prepositions.
• Remember, pronouns are (PRO)FESSIONAL nouns.
  They take long nouns like Mrs. Annastiasa
  Breckenridge and shorten the noun to she.
• The noun the pronoun replaces is called the
  antecedent.

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Personal Pronouns
Subject Object Possessive
I You He, She, It Me You Him, Her, It My, Mine Your, Yours His, Her, Hers, Its
We You They Us You Them Our, Ours Your, Yours Their, Theirs
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Subject Pronouns

• Subject pronouns are pronouns that are used to
  replace the subject or predicate noun.

• I
• You
• He
• She
• It
• We
• You
• They

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Example Subject Pronouns

• Cliff is a good student.
• Maribell is a class leader.
• Mrs. Smith bought Clara a gift.

• He is a good student.
• She is a class leader.
• She bought her it.

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Object Pronouns

• Object pronouns are pronouns used to replace
  nouns used as the direct OBJECT, indirect OBJECT,
  or OBJECT of the preposition

• Me
• You
• Him
• Her
• It
• Us
• You
• Them

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Example Object Pronouns

• Clive bought a guitar.
• Clive played Marsha a song.
• Clive played the guitar for Marsha.

• Clive bought it.
• Clive played her it.
• Clive played it for her.

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Possessive Pronouns

• Like possessive nouns, possessive pronouns show
  ownership.
• Possessive pronouns are used to replace nouns
  that show ownership.

• My, mine
• Your, yours
• His
• Her, hers
• Its
• Our, ours
• Your, yours
• Their, theirs

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Example Possessive Pronouns

• Jasons book is on the shelf.
• Mr. Watersons dog is in our yard.
• The United States coastline is disappearing.

• His book is on the shelf.
• His dog is in our yard.
• Our coastline is disappearing.

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Reflexive Pronouns

• Pronouns that end in self or selves
• They refer to the subject. They redirect the
  action of the verb back to the subject.
• They add meaning to the sentence therefore, they
  must remain in the sentence.

• Myself
• Yourself
• Himself
• Herself
• Itself
• Ourselves
• Yourselves
• Themselves

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Example Reflexive Pronouns

• Hector did himself a favor by agreeing to help.
• Martha treated herself to a hot pretzel.

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Intensive Pronouns

• Pronouns that end in self or selves
• They add intensity to the sentence, therefore
  they are not needed. They can be removed and the
  meaning of the sentence will not change.

• Myself
• Yourself
• Himself
• Herself
• Itself
• Ourselves
• Yourselves
• Themselves

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Example Intensive Pronouns

• The President himself pinned the medal on the
  hero.
• The superheroes themselves saved the world from
  disaster.

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Demonstrative Pronouns

• Demonstrative pronouns are used to point out
  something specific. In other words, they
  demonstrate something.

• This - singular
• That - singular
• These - plural
• Those - plural

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Example Demonstrative Pronouns

• This is my book.
• That is your pencil.
• These are beautiful flowers.
• Those are for you.

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Interrogative Pronouns

• Pronouns used to ask question.

• Who - person
• Whom - person
• What - things
• Which things or person
• Whose - person

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Example Interrogative Pronouns

• Who is the lead singer in that band?
• To whom was the postcard addressed?
• Whom did you expect?
• Whose signature is this?
• Which book is yours?
• What time is it?

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Antecedent agreement

• The antecedent is the noun the pronoun replaces.
• If the antecedent is singular, the pronoun must
  be singular.
• If the antecedent is plural, the pronoun must be
  plural.

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Example Antecedent Agreement

• The song and its writer both received awards.
• Although Harold no longer works here, he still
  comes back to see his former colleagues.

• Antecedent movie
• Pronoun its
• Antecedent Nathan
• Pronouns he and his

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Indefinite Pronouns

• Indefinite means that they are not easily
  defined. These pronouns often look like they are
  singular when they really use plural verbs. They
  can also look plural when they really use
  singular verbs.
• There is a small group of indefinite pronouns
  that can be both singular and plural. With these
  pronouns, we must refer to the prepositional
  phrase or previous sentence to find the
  antecedent and determine how it should be used.

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Singular Indefinite Pronouns

• Singular indefinite pronouns use singular verbs
  (singular verbs have an S on the end).
• Singular indefinite pronouns used as the
  antecedent are replaced with singular personal
  pronouns.

• Anyone
• Anything
• Anybody
• Everyone
• Everything
• Everybody
• No one
• Nothing
• Nobody
• Someone
• Something
• Somebody
• Each
• Either
• Another
• One
• Neither

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Example Sing. Indef. Pronouns

• Somebody should bring his or her sleeping bag on
  the camping trip.
• Each has chosen his or her favorite activity.
• Everyone is welcome on the trip!

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Plural Indef. Pronouns

• Plural indefinite pronouns use plural verbs
  (plural verbs do not have an S on the end).
• Plural indefinite pronouns used as the antecedent
  are replaced with plural personal pronouns.

• Both
• Few
• Many
• Several

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Example Plural Indef. Pronoun

• Both need a study hall.
• Few are here.
• Many run in the race.
• Several win awards.

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Sing. and Plural Indef. Pronoun

• Some indefinite pronouns can be used to replace
  singular or plural antecedents.
• You know if it is singular or plural two ways. 1.
  Look to the prepositional phrase near it. Find
  the object of the preposition. If the object of
  the preposition is singular and is an antecedent
  for the indefinite pronoun, then the pronoun is
  singular. If the o.p. is plural, then the
  indefinite pronoun is plural 2. Find the
  antecedent for the indefinite pronoun in a
  previous sentence and match the plurality.
• If an indefinite pronoun is functioning as an
  antecedent, then match the personal pronoun to
  the indefinite pronoun when you figure out if it
  is singular or plural.

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Singular or Plural Indefinite Pronouns

• All
• Any
• Most
• None
• Some

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Example Sing/Plural Indef. Pronouns

• All of my friends are here. They are happy.
• Indef. Pronoun All
• O.P. Friends
• Friends is plural, so all is plural
• Verb are (plural)
• All is plural, so we have to use They in the
  second sentence. They is plural.

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Example Sing/Plural Indef. Pronouns

• All of my trust is in you. It will never end.
• Indef. Pronoun All
• O.P. Trust
• Trust is singular, so all is singular.
• Verb is (singular)
• All is singular, so we have to use It in the
  second sentence. It is singular.

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Pronoun Problems

• Be sure you know how to use subject and object
  pronouns.
• Subject pronouns are used as subjects and
  predicate nouns.
• Object pronouns are used as direct object,
  indirect objects, and objects of prepositions.

• We students took notes.
• The teachers reminded us students to work with
  great effort.

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Pronoun Problems

• Make sure to avoid confusion. Use a specific
  name when necessary.

• Martha and Jenny are runner sin the race. I hope
  _____ wins.
• A. Jenny
• B. she
• Answer Jenny

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Pronoun Problems

• Be careful with intervening phrases. Always know
  what your antecedent is.

• George Washington, like many of our fore fathers,
  achieved great accomplishments in ____ lifetime.
• A. their
• B. his
• Answer B. his

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