Health

1
Health

• CH. 2- Eleven Systems One Body

2
Objectives

• Define the vocabulary terms.
• Name the 11 major body systems and explain the
  function of each.
• Identify problems in each of the 11major body
  systems and explain how they are treated.
• Explain how to avoid food poisoning.
• Explain how teens can show respect for one
  another in the area of their sexuality.

3
Project for the Chapter

• You will be broken into group of 2
• Each group will give a presentation on the system
  assigned to them.
• You must create something visual such as a poster
  board, presentation, movie, model, etc. of the
  system you are presenting on.
• It will be due in ONE WEEK!

4
Project for the Chapter

• You must present on
• What your system is
• Its purpose/function
• What parts make up your system
• What is the role of each part of the system
• How do we benefit from this system?
• How does this system work in detail?
• What are potential diseases and how do we avoid
  them?

5
Circulatory System

• Bodys transportation system

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4 Main Functions

• 1) Transport fuel to the body
• 2) Transport wastes to the liver and kidneys
• 3) Transport cells to fight diseases
• 4) Transport hormones

7
Heart

• The muscular pump of blood

Arteries

• Largest blood vessels. Carry oxygen from the
  heart to the body.

Veins

• Take blood back to the heart. Thinner walls due
  to lower blood pressure and valves to help direct
  blood flow.

8
Capillaries

• Smallest blood vessels that carry blood from the
  arteries to the bodys cells and from those cells
  to the veins.

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Potential Problems

• Anemia
• Leukemia
• Hemophilia
• Arteriosclerosis
• Stroke
• Hypertension

10
Respiratory System

• Group of passages that exchange gases in order
  for the body to function.

11
Upper Tract

• Throat and nose

Lower Tract

• Lungs
• Alveoli

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Inspiration (Inhale)

• Breathe in

Expiration (Exhale)

• Breathe out

13
Potential Problems

• Common Cold
• Pneumonia
• Bronchitis
• Asthma
• Emphysema
• Lung Cancer

14
Skeletal System

• The framework for your body... the combination of
  joints and connective tissue.

15
3 Layers of Bone

• Periosteum- 1st layer filled with nerves and
  blood vessels. Helps in the formation and repair
  of bone tissue.
• Compact Bone- 2nd layer solid, strong, and
  dense.
• Spongy Bone- 3rd layer where bone marrow is
  held. Similar to a honeycomb.

16
Potential Problems

• Scoliosis
• Bursitis
• Arthritis
• Osteoporosis
• Injuries
• Fractures, dislocations, sprains

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Muscular System

• Group of tissues that makes body parts move.
• These tissues contract and shorten. They can be
  stretched and lengthened.

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3 Types of Muscular Tissue

• Skeletal Muscle Voluntary
• Smooth Muscle Involuntary
• Cardiac Muscle Involuntary

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Potential Problems

• Strain
• Cramp
• Bruise
• Pulled/Torn
• Muscular fatigue
• Diseases
• Fibromyalgia, Degenerative Muscle Disease, etc.

20
Digestive System

• Organs that take in food and break it down into a
  chemical form that can be absorbed by the body.
• Digestion- the breakdown of food

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https//www.youtube.com/watch?vJnzwbipJuAA
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Potential Problems

• Indigestion and Heartburn
• Nausea and Vomiting
• Ulcers
• Gallstones
• Cirrhosis of the Liver
• Halitosis or bad breath

23
Excretory System

• Its purpose is to provide ways for waste to be
  excreted from the body

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(No Transcript)
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Potential Problems

• Constipation
• Diarrhea
• Flatulence or Gas
• Kidney Stones
• Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
• Cancer

26
Integumentary System

• Includes also the hair, nails, sweat glands and
  oil glands.

• Largest organ of the body- about 6-10lbs.
• 2 layers Epidermis and dermis

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Integumentary System

• Primary functions
• Protect
• Regulate body temperature
• Sensitivity to environment

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Potential Problems

• Warts
• Calluses and corns
• Cold sores and fever blisters
• Skin Cancer

29
Immune System

• Fight against disease and bacterial invasion

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Immune System

• Natural Immunity

• Acquired Immunity

• Inborn resistance to certain diseases
• Natural responses
• Swelling
• Heat
• Excess fluid
• Influx of Mass cells, Leukocytes, Histamine, etc.

• Bodys memory of past invaders and quickness to
  attack if the invader enters again.
• EX Chicken Pox
• T-Cells- Activation of B-Cells (mass Cells)

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Potential Problems

• Allergies
• HIV
• Autoimmune Disease

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Nervous System

• Single goal is to maintain homeostasis

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Nervous System

• Central Nervous System

Peripheral Nervous System

• Brain and Spinal cord
• Controls thoughts, emotions, organs, movements,
  etc.

• Connect from the central nervous system to the
  extremities of the body.
• Picks ups stimuli such as touch, irritation,
  heat, etc.

34
Potential Problems

• Pinched Nerve
• Epilepsy
• Tumor
• Cerebral Palsy
• Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

35
Endocrine System

• Works to maintain internal balance through
  hormone (chemical messengers) secretion.

36
Potential Problems

• Pituitary Gland i.e. gigantism, dwarfism
• Thyroid Gland i.e. hypothyroidism,
  hyperthyroidism
• Diabetes

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Reproductive System

• The system responsible for the continuation of
  the human race.

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Reproductive System

• Male

• Female

• Prostate Gland
• Testes
• Scrotum
• Penis
• Outside body

• Ovaries
• Ovulation
• Fertilization
• Uterus
• Menstruation
• Inside body

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Potential Problems

• Testicular Cancer
• Inguinal Hernia
• Premenstrual Syndrome
• Vaginitis
• Cancer of female organs