GCSE%20Physical%20Education%20%20The%20Respiratory%20System

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GCSE Physical EducationThe Respiratory System
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Learning Objectives

• By the end of this lesson pupils should
• Understand what the respiratory system
• is
• Understand what the respiratory system
• does
• Understand the main functions of the
• respiratory system

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The Respiratory System
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The Respiratory System

• During exercise, the body needs to take in
• a sufficient supply of oxygen and eliminate
• the carbon dioxide produced by the
• muscles while they are working
• Oxygen is breathed in and carbon dioxide
• breathed out, this is called gaseous
• exchange
• An efficient respiratory system allows more
• oxygen to reach the blood and muscles

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The Respiratory System

• The harder and longer (intensity and
• time) the physical activity, the more
• oxygen is needed to keep the muscles
• working
• Harder longer physical activity also
• means more carbon dioxide is produced
• Working very hard may result in the body
• needing more oxygen than it can get,
• this is known as oxygen debt

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How it Works
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How it Works

• Breathing in - inhaling
• Breathing out - exhaling
• Intercostal muscles - muscles between
• the ribs
• Diaphragm - sheet of muscle that
• separates the chest region

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How it Works

• When breathing in
• - the intercostal muscles contract
• - chest lifts upwards and outwards
• - diaphragm tightens and lowers
• These actions open the lungs allowing
• air from the nose and mouth, where it
• is warmed, moistened and filtered

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How it Works

• Trachea - tube that takes air into
• the chest
• Bronchi bronchioles - smaller
• and smaller tubes
• Alveoli - tiny sacs surrounded by
• capillaries, which the air travels into

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How it Works

• The air passes through the trachea
• Into one of the lung through the bronchi
• Passes through the bronchioles
• Into millions of tiny sacs called alveoli,
• which are surrounded by capillaries
• Here, oxygen passes into the blood

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Trachea
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Trachea, Bronchi Bronchioles
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Alveoli Capillaries
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Tidal Volume Vital Capacity

• Tidal volume - the amount of air inspired
• and expired with each normal breath
• during rest or exercise
• Vital capacity - the greatest amount of air
• that can be made to pass into and out of
• the lungs by the most forceful inspiration
• and expiration (4 to 5 litres approx)

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Learning Objectives (Revisited)

• By the end of this lesson pupils should
• Understand what the respiratory system
• is
• Understand what the respiratory system
• does
• Understand the main functions of the
• respiratory system

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Thank you

• Any questions, please do not hesitate to ask