RNA

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RNA
2
Ribonucleic Acid

• Single nucleotide strand
• Sugar Ribose
• 4 Bases
• A Adenine
• G Guanine
• C Cytosine
• U Uracil
• U replaces T
• Three Types of RNA

3
Messenger RNA

• mRNA
• Function Copies the DNA code and moves to a
  ribosome
• Link between DNA Protein
• Allows ribosome to create a protein
• Location Starts in nucleus moves to ribosome

4
Transfer RNA
Amino acid Proline
Amino acid Serine

• tRNA
• Function Transfers amino acids from the
  cytoplasm to the ribosome
• Ribosome will link amino acids together to form a
  protein
• Location Cytoplasm

5
Ribosomal RNA

• rRNA
• Function components of ribosomes

6
Transcription
U
G

• Defined Process of making mRNA from DNA
• Step 1 RNA Polymerase separates the DNA
  nucleotides
• Step 2 Free floating RNA nucleotides match with
  the DNA
• Reminder U replaces T
• Step 3 mRNA breaks free in separate pieces
• Step 4 mRNA processing takes place
• Unused portions (introns) are removed and the
  used portions (exons) bond together
• Step 5 Final mRNA strand travels to ribosome
• Step 6 DNA recombines to be used again

G
C
A
A
G
U
C
A
U
U
C
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Step 2 Free floating mRNA nucleotides match up
Step 1 RNA polymerase splits the DNA
Step 5 6 mRNA travels to ribosome and DNA
reconnects
Step 3 mRNA breaks free
Step 4 Remaining exons bond together
RNA polymerase
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(No Transcript)
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Transcription Animation
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Transcription Video
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DNA vs. RNA

• Double Stranded
• Sugar Deoxyribose
• Bases A T C G
• Location Nucleus

• Single strand
• Sugar Ribose
• Bases A U C G
• Location Nucleus Cytoplasm

12
Review

• Name three different ways that DNA and RNA
  differ.
• Which RNA
• is found inside the nucleus?
• transports amino acids to the ribosome?
• exits the nucleus to the ribosome?
• copies the DNA code?
• makes up the structure of ribosomes?
• Perform transcription by using the following
  piece of DNA. Introns are underlined. Write the
  final strand of mRNA created.
• T A C C G T A C A A T G G G A T C