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Duck Production in India

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Lecture held in December 1997 at the Veterinary Research Institute (VRI) ... Dairy Cow. 85. 1.7. 1.1. 750.0. Buffalo. Livestock required. to produce 8735 kg of fish ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Duck Production in India


1
Duck Production in India
2
Rationale
  • Duck rearing in India is a traditional activity
    among rural poor Ducks are kept mainly for egg
    production
  • Duck meat production is non-existent
  • Duck cum Fish Farming on village ponds is very
    popular in South India

3
Duck Population
  • In 1987 India counted 23.5 million ducks
    representing 8.5 of Indias poultry population
  • In 1994 India counted 18.7 million ducks
    representing 4.34 of Indias poultry population
  • 92 of the total duck population are local ducks
    DESI, non-descriptive type, disease resistant,
    low body weight and 100-150 eggs/year

4
Local Distribution
  • Duck rearing is concentrated in the
  • Eastern North Eastern States Bihar, West Bengal
    Assam (in 1987 population of 18,799.000 ducks)
  • Southern States Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andra
    Pradesh
  • (in 1987 population of 1,914.000 ducks)

5
Purpose of Duck keeping
  • Ducks are considered as an important source of
  • human food
  • supplementary income
  • and employment opportunities for rural farmers
    and enterprises who supply duck farmers with
    inputs and services such as hatching eggs,
    ducklings, feed mixes, transportation marketing

6
Purpose of Duck keeping
  • Ducks
  • are providing organic manure for crops and fish
    tanks
  • help to reduce diseases in cattle (Liver fluke
    and Nasal Schistosomiasis) by feeding on the
    population of snails serving as an intermediate
    host for the parasites causing these diseases)

7
Duck Production Parameter

Price per duck in average US 2.36
Government subsidies 25 up to 40
return per bird/year US 2.40 to 4.06
8
Duck Production Parameter
  • Small schemes (extensive)
  • flock size 5 to 200 ducks
  • return (per bird/year) US 2.40
  • Extensive i.e. free range system
  • ducks are enclosed during the night in shelters,
    with enclosures made from bamboo
  • eggs are collected in the morning and sold to
    middle-men

9
Duck Production Parameter
  • medium to large schemes
  • flock size 1000 and more ducks
  • return (per bird/year) US 4.06
  • semi-intensive to intensive rearing
  • prefabricated feed mixes, veterinary services,
    confinement, reduced labor costs per bird

10
Manure Production
Livestock Live weight (kg) Dung Production (kg Dm per head/day) N content ( in mg) N Production year (kg) on dry matter basis
Buffalo 460 5.80 0.80 16.90
Cattle 350 4.40 0.73 11.70
Goat 20 0.30 1.32 1.50
Sheep 20 0.30 0.91 1.00
Chicken 2 0.05 3.90 0.07
Ducks 3 0.06 3.00 0.07
11
Nitrogen Production
Livestock Manure Production (kg DM per Animal/Year) N Content () Livestock required to produce 174.7 kg of fish per 200 m² pond/year (No.) Livestock required to produce 8735 kg of fish per ha pond/year (No.)
Buffalo 750.0 1.1 1.7 85
Dairy Cow 784.0 2.2 0.8 40
Pig 178.0 1.9 8.2 410
Laying duck 20.6 2.5 26.7 1335
estimates based on equivalent nitrogen manure inputs to the fish pond estimates based on equivalent nitrogen manure inputs to the fish pond estimates based on equivalent nitrogen manure inputs to the fish pond estimates based on equivalent nitrogen manure inputs to the fish pond estimates based on equivalent nitrogen manure inputs to the fish pond
12
Nutrient Content of Eggs Ducks
Chicken
adapted from Pingel, H. 1988
13
References
  • Dr. Sathe 1995 Smallholder Duck Rearing In
    India Proceedings of the 10th European
    Symposium on Waterfowl, March 26-31, 1995 Halle
    (Saale) Germany p. 42-44.
  • Indian Poultry Industry Yearbook 1994. 10th ed.
    New Delhi, India.p.88.
  • Nageswara, A.R. et al.,1997. Comparison of Growth
    Performances of Khaki Campbell, Indian Local
    Ducks and Their Reciprocal Crosses. Proceedings
    of the 11th European Symposium on Waterfowl,
    September 08-10, 1997 Nantes France p. 284-288
  • Pingel, H. 1988. Enten. Bücher für
    Kleintierfreunde. VEB Deutscher
    Landwirtschaftsverlag Berlin. Germany

14
Duck Production in India
  • Thank you for your attention
  • For further questions send an e-mail to
  • Susanne_Hugo_at_hotmail.com
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