Geography of Egypt

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Geography of Egypt
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What can we learn from this image?
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What can we learn from this image?

• Where do you think the majority of the people
  lived?
• Describe what the Green and Tan areas of the map?
  
• How could the location of Egypt help it grow into
  a great civilization?

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Ancient Egyptian Song

• Hail O Nile, who comes from the earth, who
  comes to give life to the people of Egypt

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What are the benefits of living near a river?

• Water to drink
• Water for farming
• Washing
• Transportation
• Fishing
• Hunting animals
• Mud for building

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The Nile

• Longest river in the world
• 4145 miles
• Flows to the north from the Ethiopian high lands
  to the Mediterranean sea.
• Begins as two separate rivers-Blue and White Nile
  
• Lower Egypt-North Egypt near the delta
• Upper Egypt-South of Memphis

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The Nile

• Lower Egypt-North Egypt near the delta. North of
  Memphis
• Upper Egypt-South of Memphis

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The Delta

• A delta is the land at the mouth of a river that
  is formed by mud and sand as it is deposited by a
  large river.

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Nile Delta from Space
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Herodotus
Gifts of The Nile

• About 2,500 years ago, Herodotus, a Greek visitor
  to ancient Egypt called Egypt the Gifts of The
  Nile.
• The gifts of the Nile were very important to the
  Egyptians.
• What are the Gifts?

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HerodotusGifts of the Nile 1-Silt

• Black Soil/Silt that was left by the
  floods.gtThe Silt recharged the soil
• gt Allowed Farmers to grow a surplus of crops.

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Kemet

• The Egyptians called their land Kemet or the
  Black Land.
• They called it Kemet because of the rich black
  farm land (silt).

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HerodotusGifts of the Nile 2-Papyrus

• Papyrus- Large reed that grew wild along the
  river.
• They used it to make mats, boats, baskets, ropes,
  sandals
• Strips glued together in sheets made paper. Long
  sheet is a scroll.

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Irrigation

• Each year the river would flood.
• Heavy rains and melting snow from central Africa
  caused the floods
• Nile floods were gentle and dependable compared
  to Mesopotamia.

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Irrigation

• To take advantage of the annual flooding of the
  Nile, the people built irrigation channels to
  carry water into fields

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Shaduff- Irrigation tool
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Natural Boundaries

• The Sahara Desert (Eastern and Western Deserts)
  are located next to the Nile.
• The Mediterranean Sea to the North
• Red Sea to the East.
• 6 Cataracts throughout the Nile.
• Cataracts are rapids, waterfalls. Made
  transportation difficult in some areas.

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