Round Table Conferences

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Round Table Conferences
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• Labour party came into power in England and Prime
  Minister Ramsay Macdonald was inclined towards
  the Congress.
• In June,1929. Mr. Jinnah wrote a letter to Prime
  Minister and demanded a meeting of notable
  representatives of India to resolve the
  constitutional Problems.

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• Congress started disobedience movement for
  implementation of Nehru report.
• Government arrested a number of Congress leaders
  including Mr. Gandhi by declaring Congress
  working Committee as illegal.

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• Viceroy Lord Irwin announced the plan of Round
  table Conference.
• Total of 89 members, 58 from various communities
  and rest were from the Princely states and
  Political parties of England.
• Congress boycotted due to refusal of Dominion
  status to India from Britian.

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• Muslim Delegates were included of Sir Agha
  Khan,Muhammad Ali Jinnah,Moulana Muhammad Ali
  Jouhar,Sir Muhammad Shafi, Sir Zaffarullah Khan.
• Mr. Taj Bahadur Sapra,Dr. Moonjee and Mr. Jaiker
  were invited from Congress side but they did not
  attend the Session.

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• Conference held in three session and started on
  November 12, 1930, inaugurated by the King
  George.
• It was agreed upon the federal system will be
  introduced in India.
• Eight sub-Committees were formed to deal with
  Federal structure, Provincial Constitution,Franchi
  se,Sindh,NWFP,Defence services and Minorities.

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• Session closed on January 19,1931.
• Prime Minister announced as follows-
• India would be given the status of a loose
  federation, under the British government
• The federation will be comprised of British India
  and Indian Princely States. The federating unit
  will be given the autonomy.

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• The full representative government responsible to
  Provincial and central legislature would be
  established.
• All the Ministries except Defence, Interior and
  Foreign affires will be given to local ministers.

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• The British decided to negotiate with Gandhi, so
  he was released and met to viceroy Lord Irwin.
• A pact was signed between Gandhi and Irwin on
  March 5, 1931 called Gandhi-Irwin Pact.
• Civil dis-obedience movement was ended with
  communal riots in Kanpur,UP,where as one thousand
  Muslims were killed.

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Second Round Table Conference
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• Second round table Conference held in September
  1931 to January 1932 in London.
• Congress attended this Conference.
• Iqbal,Sir Agha Khan, Jinnah were representatives
  of Muslims.

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• Gandhi was alone to represent the Congress and
  claimed to be a sole spokesman of Indians and was
  not ready to accommodate the other minorities of
  India.
• Delegates did not reach on any agreement and
  conference ended when refused to recognize the
  scheduled castes as a community separate from the
  Hindus.

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• British Government declared Communal Award in
  1932 in which Separate electorates were ensured.
• Muslims rights were protected in this Award but
  still Muslims expectations were not fulfilled

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Third Round Table Conference.
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• Ch.Rehmat Ali Distributed Now or Never in which
  he called for a federal state for Muslims named
  Pakistan.
• Jinnah was not invited in third Conference.
• Conference begun in November 1932 and ended in
  December 1932.
• Congress was absent .
• Labour party also Oppose this Conference.

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• No results of this Conference and ended on a good
  will gesture.