MINIMUM NAVIGATION PERFORMANCE

1

• MINIMUM NAVIGATION PERFORMANCE
• SPECIFICATION AIRSPACE
• (MNPS)

2
GENERAL

• CONTINUING GROWTH OF AVIATION PLACES INCREASING
  DEMANDS ON AIR SPACE CAPACITY AND EMPHASIZES NEED
  FOR OPTIMUM UTILIZATION

3
CONCEPT

• THE CONCEPT OF MNPS WAS PROPOSED ON A WORLDWIDE
  BASIS AT THE ICAO 9th AIR NAVIGATION CONFERENCE
  (1976)
• REQUIRED NAVIGATION PERFORMANCE (RNP) AS A
  CONCEPT APPLIES TO NAVIGATION PERFORMANCE WITHIN
  AN AIRSPACE AND THEREFORE AFFECT BOTH THE
  AIRSPACE AND AIRCRAFT

4
OBJECTIVE

• TO ENSURE SAFE SEPARATION OF AIRCRAFT AND ENABLE
  OPERATORS TO DERIVE MAXIMUM ECONOMIC BENEFIT FROM
  IMPROVEMENT IN NAVIGATION PERFORMANCE
  DEMONSTRATED IN RECENT YEARS

5
WHY RNAV ?

• ESTABLISHMENT OF MORE DIRECT ROUTES PERMITTING A
  REDUCTION IN FLIGHT DISTANCES
• ESTABLISHMENT OF DUAL OR PARALLEL ROUTES TO
  ACCOMMODATE A GREATER FLOW OF EN-ROUTE TRAFFIC

Contd.
6

• ESTABLISHMENT OF BYPASS ROUTES FOR AIRCRAFT
  OVERFLYING HIGH-DENSITY TERMINAL AREAS
• ESTABLISHMENT OF ALTERNATIVES OR CONTINGENCY
  ROUTES ON EITHER A PLANNED OR AN AD HOC BASIS
• ESTABLISHMENT OF OPTIMUM LOCATIONS FOR HOLDING
  PATTERNS AND
• REDUCTION IN THE NUMBER OF GROUND NAVIGATION
  FACILITIES.

7
DEFINING RNP AIRSPACE

• A DEFINED AIRSPACE, SUCH A NORTH ATLANTIC MINIMUM
  NAVIGATION PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS
  (MNPS)AIRSPACE

8

• A FIXED ATS ROUTE, SUCH AS BETWEEN SYDNEY,
  AUSTRALIA AND AUCKLAND, NEW ZEALAND
• RANDOM TRACK OPERATIONS, SUCH AS BETWEEN HAWAII
  AND JAPAN AND
• A VOLUME OF AIRSPACE, SUCH AS A BLOCK ALTITUDE ON
  A SPECIFIED ROUTE.

9
RNP TYPE

• RNP TYPE IS INTENDED TO CHARACTERIZE AN AIRSPACE
  THROUGH A STATEMENT OF THE ACHIEVED NAVIGATION
  PERFORMANCE ACCURACY (RNP TYPE) TO BE ACHIEVED
  WITHIN THE AIRSPACE

10
NAVIGATION PERFORMANCEACCURACY

• BASED ON A NAVIGATION PERFORMANCE ACCURACY VALUE
  WHICH IS EXPECTED TO BE ACHIEVED ATLEAST 95
  PERCENT OF THE TIME BY THE POPULATION OF AIRCRAFT
  OPERATING WITHIN THE AIRSPACE

11
RNP TYPES(GENERAL APPLICATION)
12
RELATION OF RNP TO SEPARATION MINIMA

• RNP IS A NAVIGATION REQUIREMENT
• RNP IS ONLY ONE OF THE FACTORS TO BE USED IN THE
  DETERMINATION OF REQUIRED SEPARATION MINIMA
• RNP ALONE CANNOT AND SHOULD NOT IMPLY OR EXPRESS
  ANY SEPARATION STANDARD OR MINIMA
• STATE TO CONSIDER THE AIRSPACE INFRASTRUCTURE
  WHICH INCLUDES SURVEILLANCE AND COMMUNICATION

13
RNP SERVICE PROVISION

• STATE MUST ENSURE THAT SERVICES PROVIDE SAFE
  SEPARATION FOR A DEFINED SET OF SEPARATION
  STANDARDS
• AIRCRAFT OPERATOR MUST ENSURE THAT AIRCRAFT
  INTENDING TO OPERATE IN A SPECIFIED RNP AIRSPACE
  IS EQUIPPED TO ACHIEVE THE REQUIRED NAVIGATION
  PERFORMANCE

14
NAT - MNPS AIRSPACE

• BETWEEN LATITUDES 27o N AND 67o N
• EASTERN BOUNDRIES OF SANTA MARIA OCEANIC, AND
  REYKJAVIK FIR
• WESTERN BOUNDRIES OF REYKJAVIK AND GANDER OCEANIC
  FIR AND NEW YORK OCEANIC FIR EAST OF LONGITUDE
  60o N
• BETWEEN FL 275 FL 400
• IN 1978 LATERAL SEPARATION OF AIRCRAFT REDUCED
  FROM 120 NM TO 60 NM 2000 FOOT VERTICAL
  SEPARATION RETAINED

15
OPERATING REQUIREMENTS(NAT - MNPS)

• AS ESTABLISHED BY ICAO
• ALL OPERATORS DESIRING TO OPERATE MUST SHOW THAT
  NAVIGATION EQUIPMENT AND PROCEDURES ARE CAPABLE
  OF CONTINUOUSLY COMPLYING WITH SPECIFICATIONS
• MINIMUM NAVIGATION PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS
  REQUIRED
• STANDARD DEVIATION (ONE SIGMA) OF LATERAL TRACK
  SHOULD BE LESS THAN 6.3 NM

Contd.
16

• PROPOTION OF TOTAL TIME SPENT BY AIRCRAFT 30 NM
  OR MORE OFF TRACK SHOULD BE LESS THAN 1 HOUR IN
  1900 HRS.
• PROPOTION OF TOTAL FLIGHT TIME SPENT BY AIRCRAFT
  BETWEEN 50 NM AND 70 NM SHOULD BE LESS THAN 1
  HOUR IN 8000 HOURS
• IF INFLIGHT EQUIPMENT UNSERVICEABILITY REDUCES
  NAVIGATION CAPABILITY, ATC SHOULD BE IMMEDIATELY
  ADVISED

17
OPERATIONAL APPROVAL (NAT - MNPS)

• CERTIFIED OPERATOR SHOULD CONTACT OFFICE MINIMUM
  OF 30 DAYS PRIOR TO START
• NAVIGATION EQUIPMENT UTILIZED AND ASSOCIATED
  OPERATING PROCEDURES ARE THE CHOICE OF OPERATOR
• COMBINATION OF EQUIPMENT AND METHOD OF OPERATION
  MUST MEET THE NAVIGATION ACCURACY ESTABLISHED BY
  ICAO

18
AIRBORNE NAVIGATION EQUIPMENT

• ECOMPASSES
• SYSTEMS WHICH USE EXTERNAL NAVIGATION AIDS SUCH
  AS VOR/DME, DME/DME, GNSS, OMEGA/VLF, LORAN - C
  AND
• SYSTEMS WHICH ARE SELF CONTAINED eg. INS /IRS or
  GPS

19
EQUIPMENT APPORVAL

• AIRWORTHINESS AND OPERATIONAL APPROVAL OF
  EQUIPMENT RESTS WITH NATIONAL AVIATION
  AUTHORITIES
• STATES MAY NEED TO AMEND LEGISLATION TO REFLECT
  USE OF APPROVED RNAV EQUIPMENT IN RNP AIRSPACE

20
TRAINING REQUIREMENTS

• RESPONSIBILITY OF STATE AUTHORITY TO ENSURE
  ADEQUATE TRAINING OF FLIGHT CREW AND AIR TRAFFIC
  CONTROLLERS

21
FLIGHT CREW TRAINING

• THE TRAINING SHOULD ENSURE THAT FLIGHT CREWS
• HAVE A GENERAL KNOWLEDGE OF THE APPLICATION OF
  RNP
• HAVE A THOROUGH UNDERSTANDING OF THE EQUIPMENT
• ARE AWARE OF ITS LIMITATIONS

Contd.
22

• HAVE BEEN TRAINED IN THE OPERATING PROCEDURES AND
  SAFEGUARDS NECESSARY TO OBTAIN OPTIMUM EFFICIENCY
  AND MAINTENANCE OF REQUIRED NAVIGATIONAL
  ACCURACY
• ARE IN CURRENT PRACTICE AND HAVE RECEIVED RECENT
  TRAINING ON THE EQUIPMENT
• APPRECIATE THE NEED TO ADVISE ATC SHOULD THE
  ACCURACY OF THEIR NAVIGATION BE IN DOUBT AND
• ARE CONVERSANT WITH CONTINGENCY PROCEDURES.

23
ATC TRAINING

• ATC TRAINING SHOULD PROVIDE FOR
• POTENTIALLY DIFFERENT RNP TYPE ROUTES IN THE SAME
  SECTOR
• TRANSITION BETWEEN DIFFERENT RNP TYPE AREAS
• RADIOTELEPHONY (RTF) PROCEDURES
• REVISED MILITARY/CIVIL COORDINATION PROCEDURES
• CONFLICT PREDICTION AND RESOLUTION ALONG
  UNPUBLISHED TRACKS AND
• REVISED CONTIGENCY PROCEDURES.