RISE OF THE DICTATORS

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RISE OF THE DICTATORS
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• Totalitarism one party dictatorship regulates
  every aspect of the lives of its citizens

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• Terror
• SECRET POLICE
• CENSORSHIP
• NO CAN SPEAK OUT AGAINST THE GOVERNMENT

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• PROPAGANDA
• Movies, schools, factories.
• Messages all about good of the government
• Evils of west and capitalism

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• Nationalism
• Increase of the dedication to ones country above
  all else
• Religion
• ATHIESTISM Official religion

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• Persecution
• Hebrews
• Islam
• Catholics
• None were spared

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• Stalin
• Mussolini
• Hitler
• Franco

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FACIST ITALY

• Fascism extreme right winged ideology based on
  total control of people through fear, force and
  censorship

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• Monarchy in Italy
• Unable to solve problems
• unemployment
• Weak economy

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• Benito Mussolini
• Extreme Nationalist
• Formed Fascist Party
• Opposed to communism
• Appealed to upper and middle class

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• Mussolini stressed
• Ownership of private property
• Cooperation between workers and management
• Return of Rome to glory (Nationalism)

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• Black Shirts Mussolini secret police
• Waged a violent campaign against Communists and
  Socialists
• Used violence as tactic to suppress oppositions
  and strikes

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• King refused to declare martial law
• Mussolini was named Premier
• Became a dictator

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• Appointed Fascists to all positions in government
• Mussolini quickly
• Banned all political parties
• Suspended all basic liberties
• Kept unions under his control

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• Italy became a police state
• Government based on economic activity
• 22 corporations met to establish wages and prices

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• Italy is now in firm control of Mussolini and
  Fascists

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Stalin
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• Tactics
• Fear
• Eliminated religion
• Seized Orthodox property
• Persecuted religious leaders

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• Churches turned into public buildings
• New Constitution
• APPEARED TO BE DEMOCRATIC

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• Supreme Soviet met twice a year
• Elected Politburo
• Council of Ministers
• Executive and administrative power

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• Real power was held by a few leaders who were led
  by Stalin

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• Stalin enacted a purge
• Eliminated party members
• Who were accused of being against his policies

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• Purged
• Intellectuals
• Army officials
• Union leaders and members
• Purge then expanded to the general public

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• By 1939 5 to 8 million people had been arrested,
  deported, imprisoned in labor camps or executed
  by Stalin

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• Stalin wanted other countries in Europe to accept
  USSR
• Wanted to spread Communism throughout Europe

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Germany

• 1919 Treaty of Versailles
• New government called the Weimar Republic
• Kaiser had left
• In city of Weimar new government formed

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• Great Depression
• Stock Market Crash of 1929
• Speculation
• Caused panic and run on banks world wide
• Unemployment was high

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• Germany in economic depression
• Unemployment high inflation
• Blamed initially on the Weimar government
• Unemployment rose from 2 million in 1930 to 6
  million in 1932

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• Rival factions tried to control Germany
• Fascist and Communists

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• Nazi Party
• National Socialist German Worker Party

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• Extremely Nationalistic
• Anti Semitic
• Anti communist
• Promised to protect Germany from Communism

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• Adolph Hitler in prison wrote Mien Kamph (My
  Struggle) how to take power legally

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• Stressed Nationalism
• Purity of the Arian race
• (total elimination of the Jews)
• He was a charismatic, great speaker

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• Depression and civil unrest caused workers to
  drift to Nazi message
• Von Hindenburg leader of Germany old and weak

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• Nazi gained seats in Reichstag slowly and Hitler
  became leader
• Von Hindenburg appointed Hitler as chancellor
• 1933 Reichstag burned Hitler blamed it on the
  Communists

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• Took title of Der Fuhrer
• Turned Germany into a Police state

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• Revived economy in early 1930s
• Government projects
• Roads
• Houses
• Forrest restoration
• Rebuild military and weapons

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• Banned unions
• Opposition
• Newspapers
• political parties

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• Brown Shirts
• Gestapo Secret Police

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• Hitler now went after his Master Race
• Elimination of Jewish, handicapped, mentally
  inferior
• gypsies

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• Jews were blamed for all of Germanys problems
• Loss in WWI Treaty of Versailles
• Became Hitlers scapegoat
• Identified by yellow star

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• Hitler called his rule Third Reich
• 1st Holy Roman Empire
• 2nd Hohenzollern Empire
• 3rd Hitler reign would be for a thousand years