GUS98 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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GUS98
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Describes nature of land cover over some geographical area. Arable. Heather moor. Coniferous ... Coniferous- plantation. mluri. A Map Revision Problem ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation
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Title: GUS98
1
Reasoning about the Environment
Chris Skelsey Keith Matthews
Macaulay Land Use Research Institute
2
Land Cover Data
- Describes nature of land cover over some
geographical area
- Varied uses
3
Land Cover Data
- Derived from an interpretation of varied data and
information sources - Aerial photographs
- Soil maps
- Knowledge of local management
- Knowledge of seasonal cycles
- Satellite imagery
- Can automation play a more significant role?
4
Established Software
- GIS and remote sensing packages
- Arc/Info
- Smallworld
- ER-Mapper
- PCI
- Erdas Imagine
5
Problem Complexity
- Procedural, quantitative functionality
1988
Areas of forest-felling
1995
6
Artificial Intelligence (AI)
- Production rules
- Frame systems
- Semantic networks
- Neural networks
- Fuzzy logic
- Dempster-Shafer theories
7
Limitations of AI Approaches
- Data-specific and method-specific
- Single software environment
- Real-world domain complexities prevent these
applications scaling-up - Most remain within the research community
- Still need greater software flexibility
8
A Prototype AI Toolkit
- ETORA
- Developed within G2
- Blackboard reasoning
- Re-use of established software
- ARC/INFO and PV-WAVE servers
- Implementation of endorsement theory
9
A Prototype AI Toolkit
- Disparate multi-source data
- Quantitative and qualitative knowledge
- Dynamic solution strategies
- Use of 3rd-party, established software
- Full reasoning explanations, associated with
end-products
10
A Map Revision Problem
- Land Cover of Scotland (1988) dataset
- Requires revision
Arable
Heather moor
Coniferous- plantation
11
A Map Revision Problem
- SYMOLAC solves a simple problem, but
demonstrates the flexibility of ETORA - Produces a useful product despite real-world
complexities
12
In Summary
- Automation is becoming increasingly important
- Recognised need for AI technology
- AI approaches are often problem-specific, or
adopt unsuitable software platforms
13
Some Conclusions
- Prototype ETORA toolkit offers flexibility to
solution designer - Exists potential to automate a greater number of
processes involved in land cover data production
14
LADSS
- Land Allocation Decision Support System
- Evaluates economic impacts of land use strategies
- Use of genetic algorithms
- Bridge to the Smallworld GIS
15
Why use G2?
- Flexible knowledge-representation
- Object-orientated concepts
- Ability to visualise the reasoning processes
- G2-Gateway
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