P1248711742sghdk - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Title: P1248711742sghdk


1
Introduction Defining and Theorizing about
Presence
Matthew Lombard Temple University May 28 2004
2
What are our goals?

• Describe, understand, explain and control
  presence phenomena
• Get academic respect, recognition and resources
  for presence research and theory
• Make important contributions to diverse aspects
  of the world (art, business, computing,
  education, entertainment, ethics,
  health/medicine, law, military, philosophy,
  politics...)

3
How can we accomplishthese goals?

• Work hard, organize, publicize, blah, blah, blah
• Develop a good theory of presence

4
Whats a good theory of presence?

• Explains large range of phenomena
• Predicts events
• Parsimonious simple and elegant
• Can be proved false
• Internally logically consistent
• Generates new hypotheses
• Organizes extant research(Chaffee, 1987)

5
What would a good theory of presence be like?

• NOTLIKETHIS!

6
What would a good theory of presence be like?

• General principles regarding the relationships
  among variables across diverse media contents,
  forms, users, and contexts
• e.g., In situations in which x and y are true,
  increasing k will increase type of presence z.
• e.g., In situations in which a person
  experiences type of presence z, f, g and h take
  place in their brain, body and mind.

7
How close are we to this good theory of presence?

• Its alongroad...

8
How close are we to this good theory of presence?

• Its alongroad...

9
Hey, dont we need to agree on a definition of
presence first?!

• Yes and no

10
What phenomena are we talking about?
11
What phenomena are we talking about?
12
What phenomena are we talking about?
13
What phenomena are we talking about?
14
What phenomena are we talking about?
15
What phenomena are we talking about?
16
What phenomena are we talking about?
17
What phenomena are we talking about?
18
What phenomena are we talking about?
19
What phenomena are we talking about?
20
What phenomena are we talking about?
21
What phenomena are we talking about?
22
What phenomena are we talking about?
23
What do we call these phenomena?
physical presence
being there
telepresence
departure/arrival
natural responses
social presence
(tele)presence
immersion
embodiment
mediated presence
transportation
parasocial interaction
media richness
spatial presence
perceived reality
pretence
locus/focus/sensus
engagement
attention
copresence
immediacy
medium as social actor
CASA
electronic mediated presence
direct responses
involvement
salience
hypervirtual telecopresence
24
Hey, dont we need to agree on a definition of
presence first?!

• Yes and no
• Yes we need to recognize the common element in
  all the phenomena
• Perceptual (not dreams, imagination)
• Illusion (mis-perception)
• of Nonmediation (that some kind of technology
  isnt involved in an aspect of the experience)

25
Hey, dont we need to agree on a definition of
presence first?!

• Yes and no
• No different conceptualizations, definitions
  perspectives, propositions, measures, and terms
  about diverse presence phenomena provide rich
  raw materials for building a good theory of
  presence down the road... AS LONG AS were very
  explicit, detailed and precise in defining our
  terms

26
We need explicit, detailed and precise definitions

• We cant move forward without shared
  understanding about what were each
  thinking/doing, i.e., without effective
  communication

27
We need explicit, detailed and precise
definitions
28
Where do we compile and track progress toward
good theory?
29
Where do we compile and track progress toward
good theory?
30
Where do we compile and track progress toward
good theory?
31
Where do we compile and track progress toward
good theory?
32

• For more information
• Matthew Lombard
• lombard_at_temple.edu
• http//matthewlombard.comhttp//ispr.info
• http//www.mindlabs.org