THE SKELETON

1
THE SKELETON

• BONES

2
The Skeleton

• Gives the body its shape.
• 206 bones in total.
• 4 types long bones, short bones, flat bones
• irregular bones.

3
Functions of the skeleton.

• Protection of organs.
• Blood formation.
• Movement.
• Support.

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Protection
5
Blood formation

• Inside larger bones of the body bone marrow
  produces red blood cells.

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Movement Support

• Movement some bones are held together by freely
  moveable joints.
• Support it provides shape, holds the vital
  organs in place. E.g.. Vertebral column allows
  for body posture.

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The skeleton

• Revise!
• See diagram on handout!!!
• Revise!!!

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Ossification

• Is the process by which bones develop.
• Bones provide the area for muscle attachment.
  (support)

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Composition of a bone.

• Key words
• Periosteum outer cover of a bone white skin.
• Epiphysis the end of a bone.
• SEE DIAGRAM!!!

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THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN

• SUPPORT backbone of the body.
• MOVEMENT individual vertebrae slightly
  moveable joints, greater flexibility.
• PROTECTION spinal cord.

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5 regions of the V.C.

• 7 Cervical vertebrae atlas axis.
• 12 thoracic vertebrae.
• 5 lumbar vertebrae.
• 5 sacral vertebrae.
• 4 coccyx.

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4 types of bones

• Long bones
• Short bones
• Flat bones
• Irregular bones

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Classification of bones
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KNEE SYNOVIAL JOINT
A femur B cartilage C synovial membrane D
joint capsule E synovial fluid