Comparative Anatomy lab

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Class Topics
Title Anat Phys 9/28/06
Objectives

• To retain knowledge of skull anatomy

• Comparative Anatomy lab
• Review for Quiz
• We judge ourselves by what we feel capable of
  doing, while others judge us by what we have
  done.
• Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

Thursday, October 22, 2020 1101 AM
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Class Assignments
By When
What

• Skull Anatomy Quiz 10/2/06
• Comparative Anatomy lab 10/2/06
• Due this class period
• Due next class period
• Due in the future

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Infant Skulls

• Different from adult
• Developing brain
• Passage through birth canal
• Distorted easily
• Fontanelles (soft spots)
• Fibrous areas between cranial bones
• Most fuse in a few months
• Anterior fontanel fuses by age 2
• Sutures fully form by age 5
• Before that bones held by fibrous connections

4
Sinuses

• Air-filled chambers
• makes bone lighter
• mucous membranes to moisten and clean air
• Empty into nasal cavity
• Bones with sinuses
• Frontal, Maxilla, Sphenoid, Ethmoid

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Comparative Anatomy lab

• Get into 6 groups (one per lab table)
• No more than 3 people in a group
• Determine the location of each skull bone on the
  human skull and try to find its counterpart on
  the other skull
• Compare and contrast on the back

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Skull Quiz

• Matching - 26 questions
• Physical skulls
• Virtual Skulls
• I will use the GWCC site and maybe one of the
  others

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Hyoid

• Buried in tissue under styloid process of
  temporal bone
• Horseshoe shaped bone
• Attachment for tongue and neck muscles

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Vertebrae

• Typical parts of vertebrae
• spinous process
• vertebral arch
• vertebral foramen
• body
• transverse process
• superior articular facet
• inferior articular facet

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Vertebrae Fig 7-12

• As you age your vertebral column curves to adjust
  for walking upright as well as weight gains
• Cervical curve - concave
• Thoracic curve - convex
• Lumbar curve - concave
• Sacral curve - convex

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Vertebrae

• Cervical Vertebrae
• 1st atlas
• allows movement up and down
• Articulates with occipital condyles
• 2nd axis
• allow movement from side to side
• odontoid process - articulates with atlas
• Smaller and lighter than other vertebrae

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Vertebrae

• Thoracic
• attach to ribs
• Lumbar
• very thick
• used to support much body weight
• many injuries occur here

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Vertebrae

• Sacrum
• 5 fused vertebrae
• Posterior region of pelvis
• Coccyx
• 3 to 5 fused bones
• found at the end of the sacrum
• Will bend when sitting

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Ribs

• True ribs
• attach to sternum via costal cartilage (hyaline
  cartilage)
• False ribs
• indirect or no connection with the sternum
• Floating ribs
• ribs with no connection with the sternum

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Sternum

• manubrium - superior region
• body - middle portion - largest
• Xiphoid process - inferior most region
• important in CPR

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• How and why is the vertebral column curved?
• What are structural differences between cervical
  and lumbar vertebrae
• What types of cartilage are found in the ribs
  sternum and vertebrae? Why are they different?
• What purpose do the vertebrae and ribs serve?