Anatomy

1
Anatomy Physiology

• Ch. 1 Introduction to Anatomy Physiology

2
Physiology

• IF, THEN OBSERVATIONS, LOGICAL Connections
• Cell physiology cell functions at the chemical
  and molecular levels
• Organ physiology specific organs cardiac
  function
• Things like stroke volume and cardiac output
• Systemic physiology cardiovascular physiology
• Blood pressure involves the heart, lungs and
  kidneys
• Pathological physiology effects of disease on
  the function of organs or systems. Comparing
  normal functioning with that of disease state

3
Good Study Strategies

• PARTICIPATE
• ASK QUESTIONS

• Read the book
• Use the online resources
• Make flash cards
• Take good notes ones that make sense to you
• Use a variety of methods learn those that work
  for you
• Do the HW assignments

4
Anatomy Physiology

• History back 1500 years
• Structures and Functions
• Anatomy is Greek for to cut open study
  structures and their relationships to each other
  both internal and external features.
• Which muscles attach to which bones, with what
  tendons and at what points who what where
  size shape location, etc
• Physiology is also Greek. It refers to how
  functions are performed.
• How does a muscle actually contract (in order to
  move a bone)? This would be how and why.
• Specific functions are performed by specific
  structures.
• Separate MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY Hand Out

5
Anatomy

• DETAILS
• Gross Anatomy (aka Macroscopic)
• Gross means large or whole
• Surface anatomy general form
• Regional anatomy spatial relationships
• Systemic anatomy organs and organ systems
• Developmental anatomy - embryology
• Clinical anatomy lots of areas used in medical
  field
• Microscopic Anatomy
• Cytology focus on cells
• Histology focus on tissues

6
Levels of Organization

• Chemical ( molecule) even at this level form
  determines function electrons, bond type and
  bond angle, 3D shapes of molecules like enzymes
• Cellular phosphate and lipids give properties
  to things like CM and phospholipid bilayer
• Tissue collection of cells working to perform
  one function
• Organ two or more tissues working in
  combination
• System know 11 systems with organs and
  functions
• Organism

7
Spotlight figure 1.1 Levels of Organization

• Pgs. 8 -9
• Systems, organs and functions will be on quiz

8
Homeostasis and Feedback

• Homeostasis gt existence of a stable internal
  environment, even when external conditions vary
• Homeostatic regulation is adjusting
  physiological reactions so the body can respond
  to both normal and abnormal conditions.
• Autoregulation (aka intrinsic) if oxygen levels
  decrease in a tissue, cells will release
  chemicals that cause local blood vessels to
  dilate (expand) - more blood more O2
• Extrinsic regulation nervous and/or endocrine
  systems cause changes in other systems. After you
  eat blood is diverted to digestive system organs
  to absorb nutrients and away from other systems
• Feedback loops ( pg. 11)

9
More feedback

• Negative Feedback is a response used to
  counteract the current state
• Ex runner is too hot ( body tem over 98.6) so
  you sweat and dilate blood vessels red skin
  lots of blood near surface so heat can cause
  water to evaporate. Temp gets lower and lower and
  lower until it is normal.
• Positive Feedback is a response that keeps
  increasing the current state. Rarely used in
  everyday biological reactions
• Ex clotting (pg 14) , labor and lactation
• State of Equilibrium or Dynamic Equilibrium

10
Anatomical Terms - regions

• Superficial near the surface
• Landmarks used to relate terms brachium means
  arm, so brachial artery and brachialis muscle are
  both found in the arm
• Position standard anatomical position is arms
  at side, palms forward, feet together.
• Supine, laying face up
• Prone, laying face down
• Regions . Worksheets (there are several plus a
  lab)

11
Anatomical Terms - sections

• Work sheets and pages16 21
• Vocab lists for Ch. 1 and Ch. 2

12
Turnitin.com Assignment for Anatomy

• Choose a disease or clinical condition
• Check with me that other students havent already
  claimed your topic
• Read 5-8 articles on the subject
• You are required to do 5 7 and 8 are extra
  credit
• Write a review of each article in the form of an
  Annotated Bibliography
• Alphabetical
• Summarize
• C/C to other articles and relate to class topics
• See sample on website
• Will be due Monday March 14, 2016

13
Clinical Notes and Reading

• Read examples on pgs. 6 and 12
• And additional reading summarize one article
  about a disease condition related to organs,
  tissues or feedback. Use Gale through media
  center to get to academic journals
• This will be part of turnitin.com assignment in
  December ?
• Article about a disease/disorder/condition
• Article about one way to treat (address) the
  disease
• 2nd article about an alternative approach
• Paper that compares and contrasts the treatments
  side effects success rates, costs, etc.