Todays Objective

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Todays Objective

• I will be able to describe the
• various media used
• to make art.

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Technical Properties

• The tools and materials an artist works with to
  create art
• Media or medium
• Paint
• Clay
• Marble
• Etc.

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Technical Properties

• Media can be categorized into four groups
• Drawing media
• Painting media
• Sculpture
• Crafts

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Drawing Media

• Drawing
• Humans seem to have a natural desire to draw
• Done since before the history of man
• Became a great art form during Renaissance
• 4 major media
• Pencil
• Chalk
• Ink
• Pastel

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Drawing Media Pencil

• One of the most common tools
• Variety of line
• Fine lines
• Heavy lines
• Shading
• Graphite
• Also called lead
• Mixture of clay and mineral graphite

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Drawing Media Pencil
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Drawing Media Pencil
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Drawing Media Pencil
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Drawing Media Charcoal

• Used for hundreds of years
• Variety of lines as well
• Broad to thin
• Light to dark
• Figure drawing sketching
• Work quickly
• Natural media
• Made of charred willow
• Normally compressed sticks

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Drawing Media Charcoal
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Drawing Media Charcoal
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Drawing Media Charcoal
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Drawing Media Ink

• Also very old
• Applied with various pens and brushes
• Japanese and Chinese artists
• Landscapes, figures as well as calligraphy

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Drawing Media Ink

• By mixing the ink with water, the artist is
  able to create a wide range of values and lines
• Not easy
• you can not erase mistakes

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Drawing Media Ink
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Drawing Media Ink
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Drawing Media Ink
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Drawing Media Pastel

• In between painting and drawing
• Can cover a large area easily (painting)
• Can be layered (painting)
• Dry (drawing)
• Cannot be mixed on a pallet (drawing)
• Mixed by layering and blending

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Drawing Media Pastel
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Drawing Media Pastel
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Drawing Media Pastel
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Painting Media

• Many changes through history
• How it was made
• How it was applied
• What is applied to
• Different types of paint
• Oil
• Acrylic
• Watercolors
• Fresco
• Egg tempera

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Painting Media Oil

• Very common form of painting
• Became popular in 15th century
• Pigment mixed with linseed or poppy oil
• Normally applied to wood or canvas

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Painting Media Oil

• Very versatile media
• Thick and textured (impasto)
• Thin and transparent layers (glazes)

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Painting Media Acrylic

• One of the most popular painting materials in the
  last fifty years
• Versatile and easy to use
• Can be thinned with water
• Thick like oils
• Thin like watercolors
• Painting over mistake
• Dries fast
• Paint on almost any surface

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Painting Media Acrylic
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Painting Media Watercolor

• Used by the Chinese as early as the 3rd century
• Similar to ink
• difficult to cover mistakes
• Sometimes used to make sketches before painting

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Painting Media Watercolor
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Painting Media Fresco

• Painting into wet plaster
• Dry or wet
• One of the oldest forms of painting
• Ancient Egyptians
• One of the most difficult to master

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Painting Media Fresco
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Painting Media Egg Tempera

• Dates back to the ancient Egyptians
• Egg yolk added to the pigment as a binding agent
• In late medieval and early Renaissance, egg
  tempera was the media of choice for painting on
  wood
• Fine details and luminous colors

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Painting Media Egg Tempera
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Sculpture

• Again, one of oldest art form
• Early sculptures were carved from mammoth ivory,
  etc,
• Various sculpting techniques
• Subtractive
• Additive
• Modeling (forming with hands)
• Casting (using a mold).
• Depends on the material chosen

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Sculpture

• Bronze
• Marble
• Steel
• Wood

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Sculpture Bronze Casting

• Casting process of pouring molten metal into a
  mold
• Clay and wax models are used
• The ancient Chinese and Egyptians
• Can have various surface qualities
• This surface effect is called patina

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Sculpture Bronze
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Sculpture Marble

• Again, very ancient
• Can be polished, made to look waxy, or rough
  textured.
• Subtractive method
• Makes it a difficult media to work with

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Sculpture Marble
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Sculpture Steel

• Brings industrial processes and artistic
  techniques together
• Artists could use sheet metal, car parts, tools,
  rods, pipe, gears, etc. for their additive
  sculptures

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Sculpture Steel
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Sculpture Wood

• Versatile
• Used for thousands of years
• Can be carved, polished, left raw, stained,
  drilled, sanded, burnt, etc.
• Easily found is a cheap media

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Sculpture Wood
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Crafts

• Has evolved from ancient forms
• Works of art that have specific functions which
  are not paintings, drawings, or sculpture
• Something to wear, eat with, sit on, put stuff
  in, drink from, look at, and carry stuff in, etc.
• Utility purpose

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Crafts Textiles

• Items woven, twined, and stitched
• Made of fibers, string, yarn, rope
• Rugs, baskets, clothing, etc.

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Crafts Textiles
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Crafts Textiles
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Crafts Glass

• Egyptians used glass to make bottles
• They also combined glass with precious stones and
  metals to make jewelry
• Can show intricate designs, color, finish, and
  flawless craftsmanship

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Crafts Glass
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Crafts Furniture

• Can be decorative, innovative, bold, or simple
• Uses the elements and principles of design just
  like a painter would

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Crafts Furniture
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Crafts Metal

• Used for many centuries
• Jewelry is the most obvious
• Many types of metal
• Steel, iron, aluminum, bronze, copper, gold,
  silver, etc.
• Can give us an idea of a societys sophistication
  and status

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Crafts Metal
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Technical Properties

• Thats it!
• There are of course many, many, many different
  ways to mix medias together to create something
  new and amazing.

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Technical Properties

• Artists are also constantly striving to find and
  create new medias and techniques.
• Who knows? YOU may even add to this piece of the
  pie someday!