Flowers and Seeds

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Flowers and Seeds

• FLOWERS AND SEEDS

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MONOCOTS AND DICOTS

• 2 types of Angiosperms
• Monocots are usually plants that live for just
  one year (annuals)
• Dicots are usually plants that grow for more than
  one year (perennials)

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FLOWER PARTS

• Male
• Stamen
• Filament
• Anther
• Female
• Pistil
• stigma
• style
• ovary

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MALE FLOWER PARTS

• Stamen
• Anther
• Pollen contains a sperm inside of a protective
  covering
• Filaments
• Grows out of petals
• Places anther above flower parts

Filament
Anther
Stamen
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FEMALE FLOWER PARTS

• Stigma
• sticky tip part of the female part
• Pollen attaches to stigma
• Style
• Part that raises the stigma to allow pollination
• Ovary
• Contains the eggs to be fertilized
• Receptacle
• Contains nectar/Glucose

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OUTER PARTS

• Petals
• Group - Corolla
• Color for attraction of pollinators
• Covers internal parts
• Sepals
• Protective covering for the immature flower

Petal
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PARTS REVIEW
Petal
Stigma
Anther
Stamen
Style
Filament
Sepal
Ovary
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FERTILIZATION

• Pollen / Pistil
• Pollen Grain lands on Stigma - Sticks
• Sperm Released
• Form a Pollen Tube
• Extends down into Style
• Fertilize Ovule
• Results in Mature Seed

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PARTS OF A SEED

• Seed Parts/Seedling Parts
• Cotyledon - provides nutrients to seedling
• Hypocotyl - Stem from root to cotyledons
• Epicotyl - True stem
• First Foliage Leaves - The true first leaves
  of the seedling
• Radicle - First root of seed

Radicle
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SEED PARTS - DICOT
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SEED PARTS - MONOCOT

• Monocot seeds are slightly different.
• Instead of a large cotyledon of starch the
  monocot has endosperm full of starch (iodine
  stain)
• The embryo uses the endosperm for first food
  source

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FLESHY FRUIT

• Fertilized eggs will become seeds
• These seeds can be protected by a fleshy fruit
• The fruit attracts organisms that eat them and
  spread the seeds

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DRY FRUIT / SEEDS

• Seeds can also be covered by seed pods or shells
• Seed pods may contain several seeds in a fleshy
  pod that can dry to a hard pod covering
• Shelled seeds may contain one to several seeds in
  a hard outer covering

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TROPISMS

• Phototropism - a growth response to light
• Gravitropism - a growth response to gravity

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PHOTOTROPISM

• Notice how the stem has moved to provide the
  leaves with the most light source possible

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GEOTROPISM
1

• Notice how the roots of the 1-3 corn seeds are
  affected by gravity by growing down
• Notice the last corn seed had the root tip taken
  off and it can not respond to gravity
• Notice how the stem of plants 1 and 3 begin to
  grow opposite of gravity.
• Plant 2 has had the stem tip removed and it does
  not respond to gravity

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2
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LIGHT DARK RESPONSE

• Notice the response to darkness and light.
• The dark grown plant is spindly and lacks
  chlorophyll.
• The leaves are smaller
• The light grown plant has chlorophyll and the
  leaves look healthier