2 March 2000

1
Lecture 16

• 2 March 2000
• Week 8
• Connections 8 - Eat, Drink and Be Merry
• Snow p. 29 - 40

2
EXAM 2

• mean 49

3
Exam Results

• 75 Points possible
• As 67.5 and above
• Bs 58.5- 67
• Cs 49.5 - 58
• Ds 40.5 - 49

4
Eat, Drink and be Merry

• Plastics Production line-New items-
• remodeled items-
• credit card.

5
Evolution of Warfare

• Charles, Duke of Burgundy-uses credit from the
  Medici's to fight wars
• Charles' knights beaten by peasant Swiss phalanx
  Pike. (Cheap)
• Battle of Cerignola - Arquebus (early rifle). (1
  shot / 10 minutes)
• Spanish Musket (1 shot/ 4 minutes)
• Battle of Fontenoy (6 shots / minute)
• Bayonet (pike and rifle) and cannon improved.
• Very large armies.

6
Napoleon large hungry armies

• Nicholas Appert Sterilized food in wine bottles.
• England used Tin Cans.
• If not boiled long, food will spoil.

7
Cure for malaria

• Gorrie in Florida, malaria was connected with
  hot.
• humid weather, uses ice as cure.
• Invents Ice machine - Air Conditioning.

8
Ideal Gas Law

• PV nRT

A
B
C
D
9
Frozen Meat

• Meat from Australia to be shipped England
• Germany made beer cold -Von Linde used ammonia
  refrigerators to make beer year round.

10
Refrigerator/ Heat Pump

• Liquid to gas - need heat (energy)

Expansion to gas
Radiation
Pump
liquid
11
James Dewar

• uses vacuum to make thermos. (keeps items hot or
  cold).
• Thermos and Liquid Oxygen - Saturn V Moon Rocket

12
Ideal Gas Law

• PV nRT

A
B
C
D
13
Snow

• Two Cultures
• Buttons, how do you make them and what
  organization is required to make them?
• Pure research scientist and engineer There is a
  communication problem

14
Educational System.

• British----train a small elite group of
  individuals (Upper and Lower Classes ) College is
  specialized.
• American----Everyone is trained loosely
  Rigorous learning introduced in Ph.D.
• Russia----Less rigorous than British, College is
  very specialized. Trained Scientists/Engineers
  per population 2 British to 3 American to 5
  Russian . (1959)