Intergovernmental Organizations IGOs

1
Intergovernmental Organizations (IGOs)

• Toward the New World Order?

2
Evolution

• Westphalia 1648
• Congress of Vienna 1815
• Today over 300 IGOs
• Over 3,000 INGOs
• (non-governmental)

3
Global

• Multipurpose
• UN
• Single purpose/functional
• WHO, IMF, etc

4
Sub-global

• Economic IMF, NAFO
• Security OSCE, NATO
• Judicial Eur Court Human Rights
• REGIONAL
• Economic EU, NAFTA, ADB
• Security OAS- RIO Pact

5
United Nations

• Elitist
• 1944 US demands SC veto
• Sovereign base
• Higher budget than League
• but less than CBC!
• Diverse
• Dispersed ...

6

• Interactive Map

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General Assembly

• 185 members
• Public debates
• Symbolic votes

8
Security Council

• 5 permanent
• 10 elected (2yrs)
• Authority peacekeeping
• Tribunals ICTY

9
Calls for SC Reform

• Unrepresentative
• Slow to act
• Underfinanced
• Veto a Cold War relic
• used Feb 99 by China
• ending Macedonia mission
• Macedonia recognised Taiwan in Jan 99!!

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Secretary-General 1 Jan 1997-

• Kofi Annan
• UN careerist
• Committed to
• cutting bureaucracy
• extending UN role
• Predecessors

11
Boutros-Ghali 1992-1996

• Agenda for Peace
• Preventive
• Peacemaking
• Peacekeeping