A Culture in Conflict Effects of WWI

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A Culture in ConflictEffects of WWI

• World History
• Mr. Scherrman

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A. New Views of the Universe

• Moving to the Atomic Age!
• Marie Curie Polish scientist.
• Discovered atoms could be divided and were not
  solid.
• Will be a major impact _at_ end of war.
• Won two Nobel prices!
• Died of radiation poisoning.

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A. New Views of the Universe

• Albert Einstein German Physicist
• His Theory of Relativity challenged Newtonian
  science that the universe operated according to
  absolute laws.
• This fit the theme for the inter-war years the
  universe is beyond the understanding of human
  reason.

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A. New Views of the Universe

• Sigmund Freud Another challenge towards reason.
• His psychoanalysis, the study of how the mind
  works, felt that a persons subconscious mind
  drove human behavior.
• Society norms morality are there to check a
  persons powerful urges.

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A. New Views of the Universe

• All three are examples of the questioning and
  uncertainty that emerged in the decades after
  WWI.
• If man can cause such destruction, what is the
  point of our existence?

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B. Modern Art Architecture
1. Themes in Early Modern Art

• Uncertainty/insecurity.
• Disillusionment.
• The subconscious.
• Violence savagery.

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Edvard Munch The Scream (1893)
A. Expressionism

• Using bright colors to express a particular
  emotion.
• the tendency of an artist to distort reality for
  an emotional effect

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Franz Marc Animal Destinies (1913)
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Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer -Gustav Klimt, 1907

• When the Nazis took over Austria, it was
  confiscated.
• Maria Altmann, niece of Bloch-Bauer was named as
  one of the inheritors of his estate in 2006.
• Painiting came to America.
• Sold in June 2006 for

135,000,000
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Henri Matisse Open Window(1905)
B. FAUVE

• The use of intense colors in a violent, and
  uncontrolled way.
• Les Fauves Wild Beast.

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Woman with a Hat by Henri Matisse, 1905.
It is believed that the woman in the painting was
Matisse's wife, Amelie
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Georges Braque Violin Candlestick (1910)
C. CUBISM

• The subject matter is broken down, analyzed, and
  reassembled in abstract form.

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Georges Braque Woman with a Guitar(1913)
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Georges Braque Still Life LeJeur (1929)
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Pablo Picasso Les Demoiselles dAvignon (1907)
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Picasso Studio with Plaster Head (1925)
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Pablo Picasso Woman with aFlower(1932)
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Guernica, Pablo Picasso, 1937
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Destruction of Basque Capital, 1937
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George Grosz Grey Day(1921)
D. DaDa

• Ridiculed contemporary culture traditional art
  forms.
• The collapse during WW I of social and moral
  values.
• Nihilistic-a complete rejection of all systems of
  authority, morality, normatively.

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George Grosz The Pillarsof Society(1926)
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Salvador Dali Soft Construction with Boiled
Beans (Premonition of Civil War), 1936
E. Surrealism

• Late 1920s-1940s.
• Influenced by Freuds theories on psychoanalysis
  and the subconscious.
• Confusing startling images like those in dreams.

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Salvador Dali The Persistence of Memory (1931)
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Salvador Dali The Apparition of the Face and
Fruit Dish on a Beach (1938)
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Salvador Dali Geopoliticus Child Watching the
Birth of a New Man (1943)
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Walter Gropius Bauhaus Building (1928)
ARCHITECTURE
Bauhaus

• Based on the idealsof simplified formsand
  unadornedfunctionalism.
• Used techniques materials employed especially
  in industrial fabrication manufacture ? steel,
  concrete, chrome, glass.

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Walter Gropius Lincoln, MA house (1938)
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C. Literature

• 2. stream of consciousness
• A technique where the writer probes a characters
  random thoughts and feelings without any logic or
  order.

James Joyce
Virginia Woolf
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D. The Jazz Age

• Jazz music, affordable cars, movies, spectator
  sports, radio ushered in a new culture.

• FLAPPERS The rebellious young women of the Jazz
  Age

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E. Womens Lives
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