Globalization is the opportunity Poverty reduction is the challenge ICT is the bridge

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Globalization is the opportunityPoverty
reduction is the challengeICT is the bridge
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ICT is an Enabler of Development

• Increases the effectiveness of development
  interventions
• Efficiency of effort
• Empowerment a greater diversity and number of
  people

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ICT enhances effectiveness of all types of
development interventions

• Health
• Education
• E-Governance
• Economic

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ICT can render operational aspects of development
interventions less costly

• Increases monitoring potential

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What ICT is NOT

• Substitute for open and transparent government
• Sound policies
• Rule of law
• Physical infrastructure
• Commitment to providing social services

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Two approaches to ICT

• Production sector
• Export market focus
• Domestic market focus
• Enabler of socio-economic development
• Global positioning focus
• Development goals focus

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Basic elements of ICT development must be
addressed simultaneously

• Policy setting
• Enterprise regulation
• Human capacity
• Infrastructure
• Content and applications

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OUTCOME

• Open access to information and ICT services by
  all citizens, in order to provide maximum benefit
  from ICTD for poverty reduction

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Policy Output

• Policy frameworks in place which support open
  access to information and ICT services by all
  citizens, with particular reference to the
  support for such access by the poor and
  vulnerable groups

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Policy considerations

• Awareness building will be necessary, to create
  an understanding of the opportunities and
  challenges
• Process must be open and participative
• Policy must be owned, but the expertise will
  probably need to be internationally obtained
• Intent of policies should be broad-based, require
  equity participation and avoid cronyism and other
  impediments to competitiveness

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Regulatory environment

• ICT environments are highly complex
• Telecommunications subject to tight control in
  many countries
• Threat of political destability
• Trend is towards greater de-regulation of content
  and pricing

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Institutional support for ICT

• Development country participation in
  international policy and decision-making

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Regulatory framework for ICT enterprise
development output

• Financial capital and business regulatory
  environment conducive to ICT infrastructure and
  enterprise growth

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Regulatory Framework considerations

• Micro-credit, equity capital and other business
  development programmes are necessary
• Laws controlling digital financial transactions
  must be in place
• Balance needs to be struck between intellectual
  property access, and stable environment to
  encourage creativity

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Human Capacity Output

• Critical mass of workers available with ICT
  expertise, as well as related business and
  entrepreneurial skills

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Human Capacity considerations

• Meaningful ICT training will be at the tertiary
  level
• Primary and secondary curricula in ICT will also
  be necessary for familiarization

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Infrastructure Output

• Resources leveraged among UNDPs partners for
  network infrastrucutre development, to support
  use of ICT for poverty reduction

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Infrastructure Considerations

• Not clear that lower cost technologies to
  decrease cost of providing access in remote
  locations will be available in the short term
• Telecentres and other public access oin ts will
  be critical for ICTD in view of costs

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Application Development Output

• Efficiency and effectiveness of develoment
  interventions increased in UNDPs practice areas,
  through development of appropriate ICT
  applications

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Applications Considerations

• The exemplars must be chosen wisely, to
  demonstrative replication potential
• Local applications in local languages are
  critical
• Pilots must have fertile policy and regulatory
  ground

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E-Governance applications

• E-Governance
• Access and exchange between government and its
  constitutencies
• E-Government
• Efficiency
• Effectiveness
• Knowledge management

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Operational Dimensions of UNDPs work

• Partnerships for
• Policy formulation
• Mobilizing resources
• Building partnerships
• Increasing co-ordination
• Extending markets
• Sharing innovation

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Division of responsibilities according to scale

• Global
• Corporate policy setting
• Monitoring and Evaluation criteria
• Formulation guidelines

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Division of responsibilities according to scale

• Regional
• Cultivation of regional partnerships
• Bring together regional experience
• Develop strategic plan for the region, based on
  regional experience

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Division of responsibilities according to scale

• Regional support roles
• Programme/formulation/review mission support
• Ongoing advisory services
• Knowledge networking with UNDp and external
  partners
• Intra-regional study tours and training programmes

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Division of responsibilities according to scale

• National
• Given corporate policies and regional support,
  flexibility to interpret the country-specific
  situation and flexibility to craft the optimal
  ICTD programme